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  2. Stone mastic asphalt - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stone_mastic_asphalt

    The surface texture characteristics of SMA are similar to Open graded asphalt (OGA) so that the noise generated by traffic is lower than that on DGA but equal to or slightly higher than OGA. SMA can be produced and compacted with the same plant and equipment available for normal hot mix, using the above procedure modifications.

  3. Bitumen - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitumen

    Mastic asphalt is a type of asphalt that differs from dense graded asphalt (asphalt concrete) in that it has a higher bitumen content, usually around 7–10% of the whole aggregate mix, as opposed to rolled asphalt concrete, which has only around 5% asphalt. This thermoplastic substance is widely used in the building industry for waterproofing ...

  4. Asphalt concrete - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asphalt_concrete

    Asphalt batch mix plant A machine laying asphalt concrete, fed from a dump truck. Asphalt concrete (commonly called asphalt, [1] blacktop, or pavement in North America, and tarmac or bitumen macadam in the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland) is a composite material commonly used to surface roads, parking lots, airports, and the core of embankment dams. [2]

  5. Sieve analysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sieve_analysis

    A sieve analysis (or gradation test) is a practice or procedure used in geology, civil engineering, [1] and chemical engineering [2] to assess the particle size distribution (also called gradation) of a granular material by allowing the material to pass through a series of sieves of progressively smaller mesh size and weighing the amount of material that is stopped by each sieve as a fraction ...

  6. Pavement Surface Evaluation and Rating - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pavement_Surface...

    The PASER scale is a 1-10 rating system for road pavement condition developed by the University of Wisconsin-Madison Transportation Information Center. PASER uses visual inspection to evaluate pavement surface conditions.

  7. Voids in mineral aggregate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voids_in_mineral_aggregate

    Voids in Mineral Aggregate or VMA is the intergranular space occupied by asphalt and air in a compacted asphalt mixture. In a component diagram, it is the sum of the volume of air and the volume of effective asphalt. The volume of absorbed asphalt is not considered to be a part of VMA because it is part of the pore structure of the mineral ...

  8. Bituminous waterproofing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bituminous_waterproofing

    Bitumen (asphalt or coal-tar pitch) is a material made up of organic liquids that are highly sticky, viscous, and waterproof. [1] Systems incorporating bituminous-based substrates are sometimes used to construct roofs , in the form of "roofing felt " or "roll roofing" products.

  9. Road surface - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Road_surface

    Cold mix asphalt is often used on lower-volume rural roads, where hot mix asphalt would cool too much on the long trip from the asphalt plant to the construction site. [18] An asphalt concrete surface will generally be constructed for high-volume primary highways having an average annual daily traffic load greater than 1,200 vehicles per day. [19]