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The bilaterally symmetric sympathetic chain ganglia, also called the paravertebral ganglia, are located just ventral and lateral to the spinal cord. [3] The chain extends from the upper neck down to the coccyx, forming the unpaired ganglion impar. Ganglia within this chain are either cervical, thoracic, lumbar, or sacral.
There are two kinds of neurons involved in the transmission of any signal through the sympathetic system: pre-ganglionic and post-ganglionic. The shorter preganglionic neurons originate in the thoracolumbar division of the spinal cord specifically at T1 to L2~L3, and travel to a ganglion, often one of the paravertebral ganglia, where they synapse with a postganglionic neuron.
A ganglion (pl.: ganglia) is a group of neuron cell bodies in the peripheral nervous system. In the somatic nervous system , this includes dorsal root ganglia and trigeminal ganglia among a few others.
The sympathetic trunk (sympathetic chain, gangliated cord) is a paired bundle of nerve fibers that run from the base of the skull to the coccyx. It is a major component of the sympathetic nervous system .
SIF cells of sympathetic ganglia are separated into groups, each of which is surrounded by an SGC sheath. [19] The SGCs of the sympathetic ganglia come from the neural crest and do not proliferate during embryonic development until the neurons are present and mature, indicating that the neurons signal the division and maturation of the SGCs. [4]
An autonomic ganglion is a cluster of nerve cell bodies (a ganglion) in the autonomic nervous system. The two types are the sympathetic ganglion and the parasympathetic ganglion . [ 1 ] [ 2 ]
Preganglionic sympathetic fibers from the intermediolateral nucleus in the lateral grey column of the spinal cord are carried in the white ramus communicans to the paravertebral ganglia of the sympathetic trunk. Once the preganglionic nerve has traversed a white ramus communicans, it can do one of three things.
Prevertebral ganglia (or collateral ganglia, [1] or preaortic ganglia [2]) are sympathetic ganglia situated along the midline, anterior to the aorta and the vertebral column. . The prevertebral ganglia are the celiac ganglia (including the aorticorenal ganglia), the superior mesenteric ganglion, and the inferior mesenteric gangli