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Chinook people were quickly diminished by European diseases: Numbered around 800 persons in 1800; they mixed with Chehalis (in fact, the very word Chinook is a Chehalis word for those who lived on the south of the river). Most of the language family became extinct as separate groups by 1900, except a few hundreds who mixed with other groups.
Chinook Jargon (Chinuk Wawa or Chinook Wawa, also known simply as Chinook or Jargon) is a language originating as a pidgin trade language in the Pacific Northwest.It spread during the 19th century from the lower Columbia River, first to other areas in modern Oregon and Washington, then to British Columbia and parts of Alaska, Northern California, Idaho and Montana.
Chinookan peoples include several groups of Indigenous people of the Pacific Northwest in the United States who speak the Chinookan languages.Since at least 4000 BCE Chinookan peoples have resided along the upper and Middle Columbia River (Wimahl) ("Great River") from the river's gorge (near the present town of The Dalles, Oregon) downstream (west) to the river's mouth, and along adjacent ...
Upper Chinook, endonym Kiksht, [3] also known as Columbia Chinook, and Wasco-Wishram after its last surviving dialect, is a recently extinct language of the US Pacific Northwest. It had 69 speakers in 1990, of whom 7 were monolingual: five Wasco [ 4 ] and two Wishram.
Most Clatsops spoke Chinook Jargon by the time Lewis and Clark's Corps of Discovery made contact with them. [13] [full citation needed] Some spoke Nehalem, reflecting intermarriage and cohabitation with that tribe. [citation needed] Chinook Jargon is a trade language and was once used throughout much of the Pacific Northwest.
The Chinook were not involved in these treaties. The Shoalwater Bay Reservation was created in 1861 for some Chinook and Lower Chehalis people. However, legislation of the era only addressed a small segment of Chinook people or required them to move farther than they wanted. [25] The nation began pursuing legal representation in 1899. [26]
The Native American term for Sauvie Island was Wappatoo Island. The Multnomah people shared Sauvie Island with other Chinook tribes under the collective name The Cathlascans. [5] Furthermore, the Multnomah people were considered “upper Chinook” and spoke the Wasco-wishram language. [6] An overview of the Columbia River and Sauvie Island [7]
Chinook Indian Nation, an organization representing the western tribes of Chinookan peoples; Chinookan languages, small family of languages spoken in Oregon and Washington along the Columbia River by Chinook peoples Chinook Jargon, a language originating as a pidgin trade language in the Pacific Northwest