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Maritime transport (or ocean transport) or more generally waterborne transport, is the transport of people or goods via waterways. Freight transport by sea has been widely used throughout recorded history .
Freight transport, also referred to as freight forwarding, is the physical process of transporting commodities and merchandise goods and cargo. [1] The term shipping originally referred to transport by sea but in American English , it has been extended to refer to transport by land or air (International English: "carriage") as well.
The words cargo and freight have become interchangeable in casual usage. Technically, "cargo" refers to the goods carried aboard the ship for hire, while "freight" refers to the act of carrying of such cargo, but the terms have been used interchangeably for centuries. Generally, the modern ocean shipping business is divided into two classes:
LTL shipments range from 50 to 7,000 kg (110 to 15,430 lb), being less than 2.5 to 8.5 m (8 ft 2.4 in to 27 ft 10.6 in) the majority of times. The average single piece of LTL freight is 600 kg (1,323 lb) and the size of a standard pallet. Long freight and/or large freight are subject to extreme length and cubic capacity surcharges.
1. Living in the open ocean rather than coastal or inland waters (e.g. a pelagic shark). 2. Taking place in the open ocean (e.g. pelagic fishing, pelagic sealing). pelican hook. Also called a slip-hook or Davey hook. A hook with a hinge in the curve of the hook, normally held closed by a metal ring that keeps the two hinged parts together.
For example, in early 2009, some container lines dropped their freight rates to zero on the Asia-Europe route, charging shippers only a surcharge to cover operating costs. [60] They decreased their overcapacity by lowering the ships' speed (a strategy called " slow steaming ") and by laying up ships. [ 60 ]
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In the ocean shipping trade, neo-bulk cargo is a type of cargo that is a subcategory of general cargo, alongside the other subcategories of break-bulk cargo and containerized cargo. [4]