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The overwhelming majority of ethnic Ukrainians consider the Ukrainian language native, including those who often speak Russian. [72] According to the official 2001 census data, 92.3% of Kyiv region population responded "Ukrainian" to the native language (ridna mova) census question, compared with 88.4% in 1989, and 7.2% responded "Russian". [72]
In an 11–23 December 2015 study by the Razumkov Centre taken in all regions of Ukraine other than Russian-annexed Crimea, and separatist controlled Donetsk, and Luhansk, a majority considered Ukrainian their native language (60%), followed by Russian (15%), while 22% used both languages equally. Two percent had another native language.
According to the 2004 Moldovan census, Ukrainian was the native language of 186,394 people (5.51% of the country's population, 4th place after Moldovan, Romanian, and Russian). 130,114 people (3.85% of the population of the Republic of Moldova) indicated that they usually speak Ukrainian. [8]
According to July 2012 polling by RATING, 50% of the surveyed adult residents over 18 years of age considered their native language to be Ukrainian, 29% said Russian, 20% identified both Russian and Ukrainian as their native language, 1% gave another language. [35] 5% could not decide which language is their native one. [35]
Language policy in Ukraine is based on its Constitution, international treaties and on domestic legislation.According to article 10 of the Constitution, Ukrainian is the official language of Ukraine, and the state shall ensure the comprehensive development and functioning of the Ukrainian language in all spheres of social life throughout the entire territory of the country.
With the publication of Ivan Kotliarevsky's Eneyida (Aeneid) in 1798, which established the modern Ukrainian language, and with the subsequent Romantic revival of national traditions and culture, the ethnonym Ukrainians and the notion of a Ukrainian language came into more prominence at the beginning of the 19th century and gradually replaced ...
Vladimir Putin claimed he was protecting Russian speakers. His invasion has instead made speaking Ukrainian a global symbol of defiance.
According to the 2001 census, 77% of Crimean inhabitants named Russian as their native language, 11.4% – Crimean Tatar, and 10.1% – Ukrainian. [23] Of the Ukrainians in Crimea, 40% gave Ukrainian as their native language, with 60% identifying as ethnic Ukrainians while giving Russian as their primary language. 93% of Crimean Tatars gave ...