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The United States occupation of Nicaragua from August 4, 1912, to January 2, 1933, was part of the Banana Wars, when the U.S. military invaded various Latin American countries from 1898 to 1934. The formal occupation began on August 4, 1912, even though there were various other assaults by the United States in Nicaragua throughout this period.
A Short History of U.S. Interventions in Latin America and the Caribbean. Viewpoints/puntos de vista. Chichester, West Sussex: Wiley-Blackwell. ISBN 978-1-118-95399-0. OCLC 926820142. Musicant, Ivan (1990). The Banana Wars: A History of United States Military Intervention in Latin America from the Spanish-American War to the Invasion of Panama.
In 1912, during the Banana Wars period, the U.S. occupied Nicaragua as a means of protecting American business interests and protecting the rights that Nicaragua granted to the United States to construct a canal there. [57] At the same time, the United States and Mexican governments competed for political influence in Central America.
In early 1894, Nicaragua invaded the Mosquito Reserve, occupying Bluefields and deposing Prince Robert Henry Clarence, its Hereditary Chief, on 12 February 1894, only to be forced out in July by British and American intervention. After British forces withdrew, a riot broke out in the town of Bluefields, leading to a second Nicaraguan invasion.
The history of Nicaragua remained relatively static for three hundred years following the conquest. There were minor civil wars and rebellions, but they were quickly suppressed. The region was subject to frequent raids by Dutch , French and British pirates, with the city of Granada being invaded twice, in 1658 and 1660.
The Battle of El Sauce, or the Battle of Punta de Rieles or Punta Rieles, took place on the 26 December 1932 during the American occupation of Nicaragua of 1926–1933. It was the last major battle of the Sandino Rebellion of 1927–1933.
Banana Diplomacy: The Making of American Policy in Nicaragua 1981-1987. Touchstone Books. Hendrix, Steven E. (2009). The New Nicaragua: Lessons in Development, Democracy, and Nation-Building for the United States. Praeger. Kinzer, Stephen (2007). Blood of Brothers: Life and War in Nicaragua. The Presidents and Fellows of Harvard College.
The Battle of San Fernando took place on July 25, 1927, during the American occupation of Nicaragua of 1926–1933. Shortly after the Battle of Ocotal, an expedition of seventy-eight American Marines and thirty-seven Nicaraguan Provisional Guardsmen led by Major Oliver Floyd were sent hunting for rebel leader Augusto César Sandino.