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The polite second-person pronouns have possessives identical to the genitives of the corresponding nouns, although there is a possessive adjective pański corresponding to pan. The demonstrative pronoun , also used as a demonstrative adjective, is ten (feminine ta , neuter to , masculine personal plural ci , other plural te ).
To make third-person imperative sentences (including with the polite second-person pronouns pan etc.) the particle niech is used. Other forms of the verb are: present adverbial participle (imperfective verbs only), formed from the 3P present tense by adding -c (e.g. śpiewać: śpiewając ; być has będąc )
Second-person pronouns are traditionally capitalized in formal writing (e.g. letters or official emails); so may be other words used to refer to someone directly in a formal setting, like Czytelnik ("reader", in newspapers or books). Third-person pronouns are capitalized to show reverence, most often in a sacred context.
A language's set of pronouns is typically defined by grammatical person. First person includes the speaker (English: I , we ), second person is the person or people spoken to (English: your or you ), and third person includes all that are not listed above (English: he , she , it , they ). [ 1 ]
Sometimes, a singular V-form derives from a third-person pronoun; in German and some Nordic languages, it is the third-person plural. Some languages have separate T and V forms for both singular and plural, others have the same form and others have a T–V distinction only in the singular. Different languages distinguish pronoun uses in ...
In the second person plural form איר (ir), there is therefore no distinction between formal and informal forms. There is a dialectal pronoun עץ (ets) strictly for informal second-person plural form, but this pronoun is rarely used today and is only found in some dialects of Poland and neighboring regions.
Dual (abbreviated DU) is a grammatical number that some languages use in addition to singular and plural.When a noun or pronoun appears in dual form, it is interpreted as referring to precisely two of the entities (objects or persons) identified by the noun or pronoun acting as a single unit or in unison.
As an Indo-European language the pronouns to (informal) and Shoma (more formal form of second-person single and also used alone for second-person plural) fit the T–V pattern except that Shoma is actually a modern Persian word originating from the old Avestan Persian words shê-Va where Va or Ve used as more formal form of second-person single ...
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