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A disk cipher device of the Jefferson type from the 2nd quarter of the 19th century in the National Cryptologic Museum. The Jefferson disk, also called the Bazeries cylinder or wheel cypher, [1] was a cipher system commonly attributed to Thomas Jefferson that uses a set of wheels or disks, each with letters of the alphabet arranged around their edge in an order, which is different for each ...
A wheel cipher being used to encode the phrase "ATTACK AT DAWN." One possible ciphertext is "CMWD SMXX KEIL." The principle upon which the M-94/CSP-488 is based was first invented by Thomas Jefferson in 1795 in his "wheel cypher" but did not become well known, and was independently invented by Etienne Bazeries a century later.
Instead of 1 and 2 though, 1 and 8 were used since these numerals look the same upside down (as things often are on a cipher disk) as they do right side up. [2] Cipher disks would also add additional symbols for commonly used combinations of letters like "ing", "tion", and "ed".
The slow, left-hand wheel was made stationary during operation while the second wheel stepped with every key stroke. The third wheel and the UKW would step in the normal fashion with Enigma stepping for the third wheel. The stationary but rotatable left-hand wheel was meant to make up for the missing stecker connections on the commercial machine.
A secret decoder ring (or secret decoder) is a device that allows one to decode a simple substitution cipher—or to encrypt a message by working in the opposite direction. [ 1 ] As inexpensive toys, secret decoders have often been used as promotional items by retailers, as well as radio and television programs, from the 1930s through to the ...
The German Lorenz SZ 42 cipher machine contained 12 pinwheels, with a total of 501 pins. In cryptography, a pinwheel was a device for producing a short pseudorandom sequence of bits (determined by the machine's initial settings), as a component in a cipher machine. A pinwheel consisted of a rotating wheel with a certain number of positions on ...
The basis of the method that the Heath Robinson machine implemented was Bill Tutte's "1+2 technique". [10] This involved examining the first two of the five impulses [11] of the characters of the message on the ciphertext tape and combining them with the first two impulses of part of the key as generated by the wheels of the Lorenz machine.
The VINSON KY-58 is a secure voice module primarily used to encrypt radio communication to and from military aircraft and other tactical vehicles. It is employed by U.S. Military Joint Services, NATO and some law enforcement agencies.