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Gender inequality in India refers to health, education, economic and political inequalities between men and women in India. [1] Various international gender inequality indices rank India differently on each of these factors, as well as on a composite basis, and these indices are controversial.
Gender pay gap in India refers to the difference in earnings between women and men in the paid employment and the labor market. [1] For the year 2013, the gender pay gap in India was estimated to be 24.81%. [2] Further, while analyzing the level of female participation in the economy, this report slots India as one of the bottom 10 countries on ...
Countries by Gender Inequality Index (Data from 2019, published in 2020). Red denotes more gender inequality, and green more equality. [1]The Gender Inequality Index (GII) is an index for the measurement of gender disparity that was introduced in the 2010 Human Development Report 20th anniversary edition by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).
Sample indicators of gender equality include gender-sensitive breakdowns of the number or percentages of positions as legislators or senior managers, presence of civil liberties such as freedom of dress or freedom of movement, social indicators such as ownership rights such as access to banks or land, crime indicators such as violence against women, health and education indicators such as life ...
Gender equality can refer to equal opportunities or formal equality based on gender or refer to equal representation or equality of outcomes for gender, also called substantive equality. [3] Gender equality is the goal, while gender neutrality and gender equity are practices and ways of thinking that help achieve the goal.
Like their feminist counterparts all over the world, feminists in India seek gender equality: the right to work for equality in wages, the right to equal access to health and education, and equal political rights. [1] Indian feminists also have fought against culture-specific issues within India's patriarchal society, such as inheritance laws.
The utilization of Gender Parity Index (GPI) by economists enables comprehensive monitoring and assessment of a nation's economic progress from a gender equality perspective. [3] It is believed by many economists that gender inequality results in economic consequences such as increased unemployment, decreased output, and vast income inequality. [8]
National Legal Services Authority v. Union of India (2014) is a landmark judgement of the Supreme Court of India, which declared transgender people the 'third gender', affirmed that the fundamental rights granted under the Constitution of India will be equally applicable to them, and gave them the right to self-identification of their gender as male, female or third gender.