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The word pontifex and its derivative "pontiff" became terms used for Christian bishops, [5] including the Bishop of Rome. [ 6 ] [ 7 ] The title of pontifex maximus was applied to the Roman Catholic Church for the pope as its chief bishop and appears on buildings, monuments and coins of popes of Renaissance and modern times.
The term Pontifex Maximus is commonly found in inscriptions on buildings, paintings, statues, and coins about the popes, and is usually abbreviated as "Pont Max" or "P.M" (the popes began to use the title of supreme pontiff in the Italian Renaissance; [26] from then on, the abbreviations "Pont Max" and "P M" appear several times, as in the ...
Plaque commemorating the popes buried in St. Peter's Basilica (their names in Latin and the year of their burial). This chronological list of popes of the Catholic Church corresponds to that given in the Annuario Pontificio under the heading "I Sommi Pontefici Romani" (The Roman Supreme Pontiffs), excluding those that are explicitly indicated as antipopes.
The Pontifex Maximus held his office for life, but the date of death is not known for every man who held the office, and the name of the Pontifex is not recorded for every period. Unless otherwise noted, dates and citations of primary sources are from T.R.S. Broughton 's three-volume The Magistrates of the Roman Republic (American Philological ...
Quintus Mucius Scaevola "Pontifex" (140–82 BC) was a politician of the Roman Republic and an important early authority on Roman law. He is credited with founding the study of law as a systematic discipline. [2] He was elected Pontifex Maximus (chief priest of Rome), as had been his father and uncle before him. [3]
He is first mentioned by Livy in his Histories in connection with the death of the Pontifex Maximus Lentulus in 213 BC. In the election for Pontifex Maximus, two censors, the patrician Titus Manlius Torquatus and the plebeian Quintus Fulvius Flaccus, were suddenly joined by Licinius Crassus, who was then standing for election as curule aedile.
The Annales Maximi were annals maintained by the pontifex maximus, dating back to 400 BC. [27] The pontifex maximus, the highest-ranking priest in the Roman Republic, was responsible for recording significant events and the names of the magistrates of each year. The annals ceased being written in the 130s BC, and Publius Mucius Scaevola ...
Sixtus V, Pontifex Maximus, consecrated to the invincible cross the Vatican obelisk, expiated of impure superstition, in the year 1586, the second of his pontificate: Behold, the Cross of the Lord. Take flight hostile ranks, the Lion of Judah, has conquered: Christ conquers. Christ reigns. Christ commands. May Christ defend his people from all evil