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In software development, frontend refers to the presentation layer that users interact with, while backend involves the data management and processing behind the scenes. In the client–server model, the client is usually considered the frontend, handling user-facing tasks, and the server is the backend, managing data and logic.
A back-end database is a database that is accessed by users indirectly through an external application rather than by application programming stored within the database itself or by low level manipulation of the data (e.g. through SQL commands).
The applications typically use HTML, CSS, and JavaScript in the client, and any general-purpose programming language in the server. HTTP is used for communications between client and server. A web developer may specialize in client-side applications ( Front-end web development ), server-side applications (back-end development), or both (full ...
Back end (computing), the data access layer in software architecture; Back-end CASE; Back-end database, a database accessed indirectly through an external application; Back-end processor, hardware that stores and retrieves data from a database
Computer programming or coding is the composition of sequences of instructions, called programs, that computers can follow to perform tasks. [1] [2] It involves designing and implementing algorithms, step-by-step specifications of procedures, by writing code in one or more programming languages.
As of 21 January 2025 (two months after PHP 8.4's release), PHP is used as the server-side programming language on 75.0% of websites where the language could be determined; PHP 7 is the most used version of the language with 47.1% of websites using PHP being on that version, while 40.6% use PHP 8, 12.2% use PHP 5 and 0.1% use PHP 4. [19]
A scripting language can be a general purpose language or a domain-specific language for a particular environment. When embedded in an application, it may be called an extension language . A scripting language is sometimes referred to as very high-level programming language if it operates at a high level of abstraction, or as a control language ...
Back-end tools pick up where the front-end tools leave off, and provide a set of reusable services that are centrally managed and controlled and provide the following abilities: Integration with back-end systems; User authentication-authorization; Data services; Reusable business logic; Available tools are listed below.