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The Second World War's hostilities came to a close on 2 September 1945, with the defeat of the Empire of Japan and Nazi Germany.Taiwan, which had been ceded to Japan by the Treaty of Shimonoseki in 1895, was placed under the control of the Kuomintang-led Republic of China (ROC) by the promulgation of General Order No. 1 and the signing of the Instrument of Surrender on that day.
Taiwan, [II] [i] officially the Republic of China (ROC), [I] is a country [26] in East Asia. [l] The main island of Taiwan, also known as Formosa, lies between the East and South China Sea in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, with the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the northwest, Japan to the northeast, and the Philippines to the south.
At the end of the Second World War, there were almost 350,000 Japanese civilians living in Taiwan. They were designated as Overseas Japanese ( Nikkyō ) or as Overseas Ryukyuans ( Ryūkyō ). [ 164 ] Offspring of intermarriage were considered Japanese if their Taiwanese mother chose Japanese citizenship or if their Taiwanese father did not ...
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The main island of Taiwan, sometimes called Formosa, holds the great bulk of the population as well as the largest city/capital Taipei, but Taiwan writ large actually consists of 166 islands, some ...
Beijing has offered Taiwan a "one country, two systems" model similar to Hong Kong, which promised the city a high degree of autonomy, though no major political party in Taiwan supports that.
Taiwan became a major foodbasket serving Japan's economy. A health care system was established. The average lifespan for a Taiwanese resident was 60 years by 1945. [259] Taiwan's real GDP per capita peaked in 1942 at $1,522 and declined to $693 by 1944. [260] Wartime bombing caused significant damage to cities and harbors.
The term Third World arose during the Cold War to define countries that remained non-aligned with either NATO or the Warsaw Pact.The United States, Canada, Taiwan, Japan, South Korea, Western European countries and other allies represented the "First World", while the Soviet Union, China, Cuba, North Korea, Vietnam, and their allies represented the "Second World".