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  2. Octave - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Octave

    In scientific pitch notation, a specific octave is indicated by a numerical subscript number after note name. In this notation, middle C is C 4, because of the note's position as the fourth C key on a standard 88-key piano keyboard, while the C an octave higher is C 5.

  3. Piano key frequencies - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piano_key_frequencies

    This is a list of the fundamental frequencies in hertz (cycles per second) of the keys of a modern 88-key standard or 108-key extended piano in twelve-tone equal temperament, with the 49th key, the fifth A (called A 4), tuned to 440 Hz (referred to as A440). [1] [2] Every octave is made of twelve steps called semitones.

  4. Scientific pitch notation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientific_pitch_notation

    For standard A440 pitch equal temperament, the system begins at a frequency of 16.35160 Hz, which is assigned the value C 0. The octave 0 of the scientific pitch notation is traditionally called the sub-contra octave, and the tone marked C 0 in SPN is written as ,,C or C,, or CCC in traditional systems, such as Helmholtz notation.

  5. Glossary of music terminology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_music_terminology

    the florid embellishment of melodic lines, either notated by a composer or improvised during a performance. flat A symbol (♭) that lowers the pitch of a note by a semitone. Also an adjective to describe a singer or musician performing a note in which the intonation is an eighth or a quarter of a semitone too low.

  6. Pitch (music) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pitch_(music)

    Pitch is a perceptual property that allows sounds to be ordered on a frequency-related scale, [1] or more commonly, pitch is the quality that makes it possible to judge sounds as "higher" and "lower" in the sense associated with musical melodies. [2] Pitch is a major auditory attribute of musical tones, along with duration, loudness, and timbre ...

  7. Musical note - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musical_note

    Helmholtz pitch notation, which distinguishes octaves using prime symbols and letter case of the pitch class letter. The octave below tenor C is called the "great" octave. Notes in it and are written as upper case letters. The next lower octave is named "contra". Notes in it include a prime symbol below the note's letter. Names of subsequent ...

  8. Piano history and musical performance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piano_history_and_musical...

    An increase in pitch range, from five octaves (see image at right) to the modern standard of seven and 1/3 octaves. iron framing , culminating in the single-piece cast iron frame ultra-tough steel strings , with three strings per note in the upper 2/3 of the instrument's range

  9. Piano tuning - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piano_tuning

    A man tuning an upright piano. Piano tuning is the process of adjusting the tension of the strings of an acoustic piano so that the musical intervals between strings are in tune. The meaning of the term 'in tune', in the context of piano tuning, is not simply a particular fixed set of pitches. Fine piano tuning requires an assessment of the ...