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Between 1793 and 1815, under the rule of King George III, the Kingdom of Great Britain (later the United Kingdom) was the most constant of France's enemies.Through its command of the sea, financial subsidies to allies on the European mainland, and active military intervention in the Peninsular War, Britain played a significant role in Napoleon's downfall.
Inspection of troops at Boulogne, 15 August 1804 Drop Redoubt, part of the Dover Western Heights complex. From 1803 to 1805 a new army of 200,000 men, known as the Armée des côtes de l'Océan (Army of the Ocean Coasts) or the Armée d'Angleterre (Army of England), was gathered and trained at camps at Boulogne, Bruges, and Montreuil.
The British Army during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars experienced a time of rapid change. At the beginning of the French Revolutionary Wars in 1793, the army was a small, awkwardly administered force of barely 40,000 men. By the end of the Napoleonic Wars, the numbers had vastly increased. At its peak, in 1813, the regular army ...
Smuggling persisted, and even Napoleon made exceptions to his embargo so he could procure necessary supplies for his war effort. The Battle of Copenhagen was largely a consequence of economic warfare More significantly, enforcing the economic blockades led both Great Britain and France into a series of military engagements.
In 1803 Napoleon turned his attention to invading England once more, saying: "All my thoughts are directed towards England. I want only for a favourable wind to plant the Imperial Eagle on the Tower of London". [4] Napoleon now planned an invasion on a bigger scale than 1798 and 1801, and built a new armada for the effort. [5]
The Continental Blockade (French: Blocus continental), or Continental System, was a large-scale embargo by French emperor Napoleon I against the British Empire from 21 November 1806 until 11 April 1814, during the Napoleonic Wars. Napoleon issued the Berlin Decree on 21 November 1806 in response to the naval blockade of the French coasts ...
The naval campaigns, operations and battles of the Napoleonic Wars were events during the period of World-wide warfare between 1802 and 1814 that were undertaken by European powers in support of their land-based strategies.
The war for all the oceans: from Nelson at the Nile to Napoleon at Waterloo. London: Abacus. ISBN 978-0-349-11916-8. Clowes, William Laird (1997) [1900]. The Royal Navy, A History from the Earliest Times to 1900, Volume V. Chatham Publishing. ISBN 1-86176-014-0. Gardiner, Robert, ed. (2001) [1998]. The Campaign of Trafalgar. Caxton Editions.