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The Irish Republican Brotherhood (IRB; Irish: Bráithreachas Phoblacht na hÉireann) was a secret oath-bound fraternal organisation dedicated to the establishment of an "independent democratic republic" in Ireland between 1858 and 1924. [1]
Controversially for a republican tradition that has viewed Mitchel, in the words of Pádraic Pearse, as a "fierce" and "sublime" apostle of Irish republicanism, [2] [3] in American exile into which he escaped in 1853 Mitchel was an uncompromising pro-slavery partisan of the Southern secessionist cause.
After the unsuccessful 1867 Fenian Rising, the Irish Republican Brotherhood (a physical-force Irish republican group) formed a supreme council. Considering their "Irish Republic" the country's only legitimate authority, they passed a number of constitutions and laws. Violations were punished, and accused traitors were executed. [34]
Charles Stewart Parnell (27 June 1846 – 6 October 1891) was an Irish nationalist politician who served as a Member of Parliament (MP) in the United Kingdom from 1875 to 1891, Leader of the Home Rule League from 1880 to 1882, and then of the Irish Parliamentary Party from 1882 to 1891, who held the balance of power in the House of Commons during the Home Rule debates of 1885–1886.
Seán McGarry, President of the Irish Republican Brotherhood from 1917 until 1919; Liam Mellows; Michael McHugh, father of Maureen O'Carroll [4] Denis Dowling Mulcahy; John Mulholland, President of the Irish Republican Brotherhood from 1910 to 1912; Neal O'Boyle, President of the Irish Republican Brotherhood from 1907 until 191.
1842: Dissolved: 1849: Preceded by: Repeal Association: Succeeded by: Tenant Right League, Irish Republican Brotherhood: Newspaper: The Nation: Ideology: Irish nationalism Liberalism Radicalism [1] Land reform: National affiliation: Repeal Association (1842–1847) Irish Confederation (1847–1848) Colours Green, white and orange: Slogan: A ...
At its inauguration, in Belfast City Hall, King George V made a famous appeal drafted by Prime Minister Lloyd George for Anglo-Irish and north–south reconciliation. The Anglo-Irish Treaty had provided for Northern Ireland's Parliament to opt out of the new Free State, which was a foregone conclusion. The Irish Civil War (1922–1923) followed.
The military branch of the Irish Republic were the Irish Volunteers who, in the course of the War of Independence, who were formally renamed the "Irish Republican Army" to reflect their status as the national army of the declared republic. Despite being theoretically under the command of the Dáil's Ministry, in practice individual IRA columns ...