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A quantity undergoing exponential decay. Larger decay constants make the quantity vanish much more rapidly. This plot shows decay for decay constant (λ) of 25, 5, 1, 1/5, and 1/25 for x from 0 to 5. A quantity is subject to exponential decay if it decreases at a rate proportional to its current value.
The exponential distribution, which describes the time between consecutive rare random events in a process with no memory. The exponential-logarithmic distribution; The F-distribution, which is the distribution of the ratio of two (normalized) chi-squared-distributed random variables, used in the analysis of variance.
The compressed exponential function (with β > 1) has less practical importance, with the notable exceptions of β = 2, which gives the normal distribution, and of compressed exponential relaxation in the dynamics of amorphous solids. [1] In mathematics, the stretched exponential is also known as the complementary cumulative Weibull distribution.
In probability theory and statistics, the exponential distribution or negative exponential distribution is the probability distribution of the distance between events in a Poisson point process, i.e., a process in which events occur continuously and independently at a constant average rate; the distance parameter could be any meaningful mono-dimensional measure of the process, such as time ...
Exponential growth or exponential decay—where the varaible change is proportional to the variable value—are thus modeled with exponential functions. Examples are unlimited population growth leading to Malthusian catastrophe , continuously compounded interest , and radioactive decay .
The distributions of a wide variety of physical, biological, and human-made phenomena approximately follow a power law over a wide range of magnitudes: these include the sizes of craters on the moon and of solar flares, [2] cloud sizes, [3] the foraging pattern of various species, [4] the sizes of activity patterns of neuronal populations, [5] the frequencies of words in most languages ...
Often the independent variable is time. Described as a function, a quantity undergoing exponential growth is an exponential function of time, that is, the variable representing time is the exponent (in contrast to other types of growth, such as quadratic growth). Exponential growth is the inverse of logarithmic growth.
A Gaussian minus exponential distribution has been suggested for modelling option prices. [20] If such a random variable Y has parameters μ , σ , λ , then its negative -Y has an exponentially modified Gaussian distribution with parameters -μ , σ , λ , and thus Y has mean μ − 1 λ {\displaystyle \mu -{\tfrac {1}{\lambda }}} and variance ...