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Galleting is mainly used in stone masonry buildings constructed out of sandstone or flint. The technique varies depending on which of these materials is used. In sandstone buildings, the spalls are often a different type of sandstone than the one used in the wall, though sometimes they are pieces of the same stone.
In masonry, it refers to shaping a stone to a rough square by use of an axe or hammer. [1] In Kent, rag-stone masons call this "knobbling". [1] It was similarly used to shape grindstones. In modern construction, scabbling is a mechanical process of removing a thin layer of concrete from a structure, typically achieved by compressed air powered ...
A keystone (or capstone) is the wedge-shaped stone at the apex of a masonry arch or typically round-shaped one at the apex of a vault. In both cases it is the final piece placed during construction and locks all the stones into position, allowing the arch or vault to bear weight.
Rubble masonry or rubble stone is rough, uneven building stone not laid in regular courses. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It may fill the core of a wall which is faced with unit masonry such as brick or ashlar . Some medieval cathedral walls have outer shells of ashlar with an inner backfill of mortarless rubble and dirt.
Oppositely, coursed rubble masonry construction uses random uncut units, infilled with mortar or smaller stones. [ 1 ] If a course is the horizontal arrangement, then a wythe is a continuous vertical section of masonry [ 2 ] one unit in thickness.
A bridge on the Lancaster Canal, featuring coping stones linked by large metal "staples".. Coping (from cope, Latin capa) is the capping or covering of a wall. [1] A splayed or wedge coping is one that slopes in a single direction; a saddle coping slopes to either side of a central high point.
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Staff is a kind of artificial stone used for covering and ornamenting temporary buildings. Facade of the Fisheries Building, World's Columbian Exposition. Three pillared archways are constructed and finished, in front of a bare wall of wooden studding that has not yet been rendered.