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A frog's ear drum works in very much the same way as does a human eardrum. It is a membrane that is stretched across a ring of cartilage like a snare drum that vibrates. Crossing the middle ear chamber there is an ossicle called the columella that is connected to the tympanum, and another ossicle, the operculum, that connects this to the oval ...
Frogs have no tail, except as larvae, and most have long hind legs, elongated ankle bones, webbed toes, no claws, large eyes, and a smooth or warty skin. They have short vertebral columns, with no more than 10 free vertebrae and fused tailbones (urostyle or coccyx). [ 47 ]
Frogs are more often heard than seen, and other frogs (and researchers) rely on their calls to identify them. Depending on the region that the frog lives in, certain times of the year are better for breeding than others, and frogs may live away from the best breeding grounds when it is not the species’ mating season.
A true endoskeleton is derived from mesodermal tissue. In three phyla of animals, Chordata, Echinodermata and Porifera (), endoskeletons of various complexity are found.An endoskeleton may function purely for structural support (as in the case of Porifera), but often also serves as an attachment site for muscles and a mechanism for transmitting muscular forces as in chordates and echinoderms ...
Mounted skull of a python with disarticulated upper and lower jaw joints. In snakes, the columella would be attached directly to the quadrate bone (c). Snakes have lost a tympanic membrane, and hence a distal attachment for the columella. The columella is instead connected to the quadrate bone of the jaw. Thus, snakes are able to detect and ...
The Guinness Book of World Records lists the frog's body weight at 10 milligrams (0.00035 oz), [13] while measurements of Schindleria brevipinguis show them to weigh less than 2 milligrams (7.1 × 10 −5 oz), with one adult specimen weighing just 0.7 milligrams. [14] The frog lives on land and its life cycle does not include a tadpole stage. [11]
An adult and two young under normal light (left) and UV light (right), showing that fluorescence varies with age Fluorescent patterns on the back of a pumpkin toadlet. B. ephippium is a very small frog with a snout–to–vent length of 12.5–19.7 mm (0.49–0.78 in) in adults, [5] but it is among the largest in its genus together with species like B. darkside, B. garbeanus and B. margaritatus.
Darwin's frog has an unusual method of brooding, in which the male will facilitate development of its tadpoles inside its vocal sac. This male brooding may make Darwin's frog unique among extant frog species, as the only other frog that has this behavior is the R. rufum, which may be extinct.