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The four pigments in a bird's cone cells (in this example, estrildid finches) extend the range of color vision into the ultraviolet. [1]Tetrachromacy (from Greek tetra, meaning "four" and chroma, meaning "color") is the condition of possessing four independent channels for conveying color information, or possessing four types of cone cell in the eye.
Color chips or color samples from a plastic pellet manufacturer that enables customers to evaluate the color range as molded objects to see final effects. A color chart or color reference card is a flat, physical object that has many different color samples present. They can be available as a single-page chart, or in the form of swatchbooks or ...
Longpass filter blocking wavelengths shorter than 440 nm. Used for high-altitude photography, and in astronomy to mask achromatic lens color-fringing. 4 yellow: Minus-violet: Longpass filter blocking visible wavelengths shorter than 455 nm. Used for high-altitude photography, and in astronomy to mask achromatic lens color-fringing. 6 light ...
Zoom lenses are often described by the ratio of their longest to shortest focal lengths. For example, a zoom lens with focal lengths ranging from 100 mm to 400 mm may be described as a 4:1 or "4×" zoom. Typical zoom lenses cover a 3.5× range, for example 24–90 mm (standard zoom) or 60–200 mm (telephoto zoom).
The development of the 'Tessar' lens is discussed by Nasse, [11] and shows its transformation from an f /6.3 lens for plate cameras using the original three-group configuration through to an f /2.8 5.2 mm four-element optic with eight extremely aspheric surfaces, economically manufacturable because of its small size. Its performance is 'better ...
A 100 mm focal length f /4 lens has an entrance pupil diameter of 25 mm. A 100 mm focal length f /2 lens has an entrance pupil diameter of 50 mm. Since the area is proportional to the square of the pupil diameter, [6] the amount of light admitted by the f /2 lens is four times that of the f /4 lens.
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In optics, chromatic aberration (CA), also called chromatic distortion, color aberration, color fringing, or purple fringing, is a failure of a lens to focus all colors to the same point. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It is caused by dispersion : the refractive index of the lens elements varies with the wavelength of light .
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