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The intermolecular force between noble gas atoms is the very weak London dispersion force, so their boiling points are all cryogenic, below 165 K (−108 °C; −163 °F). [ 2 ] The noble gases' inertness , or tendency not to react with other chemical substances , results from their electron configuration : their outer shell of valence ...
Argon is preferred to less expensive nitrogen in cases where nitrogen may react with the reagents or apparatus. Argon may be used as the carrier gas in gas chromatography and in electrospray ionization mass spectrometry ; it is the gas of choice for the plasma used in ICP spectroscopy .
As of 2020, the most expensive non-synthetic element by both mass and volume is rhodium. It is followed by caesium, iridium and palladium by mass and iridium, gold and platinum by volume. Carbon in the form of diamond can be more expensive than rhodium. Per-kilogram prices of some synthetic radioisotopes range to trillions of dollars.
So why is orange juice so expensive right now? Gassing up. A favorite talking point among Republican lawmakers is noting how gas prices under the Biden administration are much higher than under ...
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In the U.S., utility gas prices in September were 70% higher than in recent years. Europeans, who already pay much higher for natural gas, saw bills rise sharply by 50% — for example, in Estonia.
Argon is far more narcotic (about 2.3 times more) than the cheaper and more readily available nitrogen at depth, so it loses out to nitrogen in all roles as a primary breathing gas. If the maximum operating depth for air owing to narcosis is taken to be 40 metres (130 ft), then for 20% argox (20% O 2 , 80% Ar) it would be 14.5 metres (48 ft).
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