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PICK charts are a method to prioritize a number of action items or problem solving ideas. A pick chart allows visual comparison of action items relative to their impact to the problem being addressed vs. the ease/cost of implementation. In VERY rudimentary terms, PICK charts are a Return On Investment (ROI) method.
Six Sigma (6σ) is a set of techniques and tools for process improvement.It was introduced by American engineer Bill Smith while working at Motorola in 1986. [1] [2]Six Sigma strategies seek to improve manufacturing quality by identifying and removing the causes of defects and minimizing variability in manufacturing and business processes.
Control charts are graphical plots used in production control to determine whether quality and manufacturing processes are being controlled under stable conditions. (ISO 7870-1) [1] The hourly status is arranged on the graph, and the occurrence of abnormalities is judged based on the presence of data that differs from the conventional trend or deviates from the control limit line.
Control chart with zones. Statgraphics is frequently used for Six Sigma process improvement. [1] The program has also been used in various health and nutrition-related studies. [2] [3] [4] The software is heavily used in manufacturing chemicals, pharmaceuticals, medical devices, automobiles, food and consumer goods.
The control limits are set at three standard deviations on either side of the process mean, and are known as the upper control limit (UCL) and lower control limit (LCL) respectively. [2] If the process data plotted on the control chart remains within the control limits over an extended period, then the process is said to be stable.
The above eight rules apply to a chart of a variable value. A second chart, the moving range chart, can also be used but only with rules 1, 2, 3 and 4. Such a chart plots a graph of the maximum value - minimum value of N adjacent points against the time sample of the range.
In the long term, processes can shift or drift significantly (most control charts are only sensitive to changes of 1.5σ or greater in process output). If there was a 1.5 sigma shift 1.5σ off of target in the processes (see Six Sigma), it would then produce these relationships: [5]
There are generally four classes of software used to support the Six Sigma process improvement protocol: Analysis tools, which are used to perform statistical or process analysis; Program management tools, used to manage and track a corporation's entire Six Sigma program; DMAIC and Lean online project collaboration tools for local and global teams;