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  2. Reparation (psychoanalysis) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reparation_(psychoanalysis)

    The term reparation was used by Melanie Klein (1921) to indicate a psychological process of making mental repairs to a damaged internal world. [1] In object relations theory , it represents a key part of the movement from the paranoid-schizoid position to the depressive position — the pain of the latter helping to fuel the urge to reparation.

  3. Compensation (psychology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compensation_(psychology)

    In psychology, compensation is a strategy whereby one covers up, consciously or unconsciously, weaknesses, frustrations, desires, or feelings of inadequacy or incompetence in one life area through the gratification or (drive towards) excellence in another area. Compensation can cover up either real or imagined deficiencies and personal or ...

  4. Reparations for slavery in the United States - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reparations_for_slavery_in...

    Other cases of reparations, such as to the Jewish people who survived the Holocaust or the Native Americans in the United States, are very different in the way that it is much easier to identify the group who should receive them, and the reparations were paid more quickly than in the case of reparations for slavery.

  5. Black Californians don’t see the state’s reparations task ...

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  6. Defence mechanism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Defence_mechanism

    Examples of defence mechanisms include: repression, the exclusion of unacceptable desires and ideas from consciousness; identification, the incorporation of some aspects of an object into oneself; [3] rationalization, the justification of one's behaviour by using apparently logical reasons that are acceptable to the ego, thereby further ...

  7. Reparations (transitional justice) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reparations_(transitional...

    Reparations are broadly understood as compensation given for an abuse or injury. [1] The colloquial meaning of reparations has changed substantively over the last century. In the early 1900s, reparations were interstate exchanges (see war reparations) that were punitive mechanisms determined by treaty and paid by the surrendering side of a conflict, such as the World War I reparations paid by ...

  8. Restorative justice - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Restorative_justice

    Restorative justice is an approach to justice that aims to repair the harm done to victims. [1] [2] In doing so, practitioners work to ensure that offenders take responsibility for their actions, to understand the harm they have caused, to give them an opportunity to redeem themselves, and to discourage them from causing further harm.

  9. Third-party punishment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Third-party_punishment

    This indicates that compensation is preferred over punishment in the TP-DG when an offer is perceived as unfair. This suggests that third-party punishment may be motivated by a desire to both provide justice for those who have been wronged and to reprimand those who violate expected social norms.