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The Ilyushin Il-2 (Russian: Илью́шин Ил-2) is a ground-attack plane that was produced by the Soviet Union in large numbers during the Second World War.The word shturmovík (Cyrillic: штурмовик), the generic Russian term for a ground-attack aircraft, became a synecdoche for the Il-2 in English sources, where it is commonly rendered Shturmovik, Stormovik [3] and Sturmovik.
The VYa-23 cannon was mounted on Il-2 and Il-10 ground attack aircraft, on LaGG-3 and Yak-9 fighter aircraft, and on the experimental Mikoyan-Gurevich DIS long range fighter aircraft. [5] In spite of the large round, the VYa-23 proved to be a disappointment in its intended anti-tank role.
Il-2 Shturmovik ground-attack aircraft, NATO codename "Bark", 1939, most-produced military aircraft of all time. Il-6 (TsKB-60) ground attack aircraft project developed from the Il-2, 1941. Canceled due to the Il-8 and Il-10. Il-8, ground-attack prototype developed from the Il-2 and intended as a Il-2 replacement, 1943. Il-10 "Beast", ground ...
Variations exist between them, including fighter-bombers, such as the MiG-23 ground-attack aircraft and the Soviet Ilyushin Il-2. Also included among combat aircraft are long-range maritime patrol aircraft, such as the Hawker Siddeley Nimrod and the S-3 Viking that are often equipped to attack with anti-ship missiles and anti-submarine weapons.
Soviet Il-2 ground-attack aircraft used the Lufbery circle on the Eastern Front. [ 3 ] Lundstrom, in chronicling the operational history of US carrier-based activities in the Pacific from Pearl Harbor through the Battle of Midway , provides an extensive discussion of fighter tactics of the time.
The bomb was designed within a case of a 2.5 kg bomb, with a case weight of 1.5 kg and 0.62 kg of explosives. The Ilyushin Il-2 ground attack aircraft could carry 280 PTAB bombs directly on the bomb-bay folds, or 4x48 in four cassettes.
Some early versions of the Ilyushin Il-2 ground attack aircraft also carried it, but superseded in that aircraft by the 23 mm Volkov-Yartsev VYa-23. The flexible-mount ShVAK was used in the Petlyakov Pe-8 and Yermolayev Yer-2 bombers. [15] The tank version was installed on the T-38 and T-60 light tanks. [11]
After the war, until the early 1950s, the Il-10 was a basic Soviet ground attack aircraft. It was withdrawn from frontline service in 1956. At the same time, work on new jet-powered dedicated armoured ground attack planes (like the Il-40) was canceled, and the Soviets turned to multipurpose fighter-bomber aviation.