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  2. Geology of the Grand Canyon area - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geology_of_the_Grand...

    The formation is typically made of sandy limestone sitting on top of a layer of sandstone. [56] This is the cream to grayish-white rock that park visitors stand on while viewing the canyon from both rims. It is also the surface rock covering much of the Kaibab Plateau just north of the canyon and the Coconino Plateau immediately south

  3. Dome (geology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dome_(geology)

    The intrusion of magma into layered sedimentary rocks and the resulting formation of laccoliths or igneous stocks can also create domes. In the case of laccoliths, this happens when the vertical movement magma stops at the base of particular sedimentary layer or layers and starts to spread laterally away from the pipe of ascending magma.

  4. List of rock types - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_rock_types

    Slate – Metamorphic rock - A low grade metamorphic rock formed from shale or silts; Suevite – Rock consisting partly of melted material formed during an impact event – A rock formed by partial melting during a meteorite impact; Talc carbonate – A metamorphosed ultramafic rock with talc as an essential constituent; similar to a serpentinite

  5. Stromatolite - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stromatolite

    Stromatolites (/ s t r oʊ ˈ m æ t ə ˌ l aɪ t s, s t r ə-/ stroh-MAT-ə-lytes, strə-) [2] [3] or stromatoliths (from Ancient Greek στρῶμα (strôma), GEN στρώματος (strṓmatos) 'layer, stratum' and λίθος (líthos) 'rock') [4] are layered sedimentary formations (microbialite) that are created mainly by photosynthetic ...

  6. Peridotite - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peridotite

    Harzburgite makes up the bulk of the peridotite layer of ophiolites. It is interpreted as depleted mantle rock, from which basaltic magma has been extracted. It also forms as a cumulate in Type I layered intrusions, forming a layer just above the dunite layer. [11] Harzburgite likely makes up most of the mantle lithosphere underneath ...

  7. Glossary of geology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_geology

    Also called Indianite. A mineral from the lime-rich end of the plagioclase group of minerals. Anorthites are usually silicates of calcium and aluminium occurring in some basic igneous rocks, typically those produced by the contact metamorphism of impure calcareous sediments. anticline An arched fold in which the layers usually dip away from the fold axis. Contrast syncline. aphanic Having the ...

  8. Layered intrusion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Layered_intrusion

    A layered intrusion is a large sill-like body of igneous rock which exhibits vertical layering or differences in composition and texture. These intrusions can be many kilometres in area covering from around 100 km 2 (39 sq mi) to over 50,000 km 2 (19,000 sq mi) and several hundred metres to over one kilometre (3,300 ft) in thickness. [ 1 ]

  9. Geological formation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geological_formation

    It is the fundamental unit of lithostratigraphy, the study of strata or rock layers. [1] [2] A formation must be large enough that it can be mapped at the surface or traced in the subsurface. Formations are otherwise not defined by the thickness of their rock strata, which can vary widely. They are usually, but not universally, tabular in form.

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