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The Kingdom of France had the largest population of Europe at the time, and the Black Death was a major catastrophe. The plague killed roughly 50,000 people in Paris, which made up about half of the city's population. [3] The Black Death in France was described by eyewitnesses, such as Louis Heyligen, Jean de Venette, and Gilles Li Muisis.
The Black Death was a bubonic plague pandemic that occurred in Europe from 1346 to 1353. It was one of the most fatal pandemics in human history; as many as 50 million people [2] perished, perhaps 50% of Europe's 14th century population. [3] The disease is caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis and spread by fleas and through the air.
The Black Death reached Switzerland south from Ticino in Italy, and West to Rhone and Geneva from Avignon in France. According to tradition, Mühldorf am Inn was the first German language city to be affected by the Black Death, on 29 June 1348. [1]
The persecution of Jews during the Black Death consisted of a series of violent mass attacks and massacres. Jewish communities were often blamed for outbreaks of the Black Death in Europe . From 1348-1351, acts of violence were committed in Toulon , Barcelona , Erfurt , Basel , Frankfurt , Strasbourg and elsewhere.
Deaths Perpetrators Notes Battle of Caen (1346) 26 July 1346: Caen: 2,500–3,000 English forces Thousands killed during the sack of the town by a force of 12,000 troops led by Edward III of England: Toulon massacre: 13 April 1348: Toulon: 40 Mob Jewish community of Toulon killed as part of the Black Death Jewish persecutions: Jacquerie: June ...
This great outburst of plague was the last recurrence of a pandemic of bubonic plague, following the devastating episodes which began in the early fourteenth century; the first known instance of bubonic plague in Marseille was the arrival of the Black Death in the autumn of 1347. [6]
In the following decades, the weakening of royal authority, combined with the devastation caused by the Black Death of 1347–1351 (which killed nearly half of France [6] and 20–33% of England [7]) and the significant economic crisis that followed, led to a period of civil unrest in both countries. These crises were resolved in England ...
Figures for the death toll vary widely by area and from source to source, and estimates are frequently revised as historical research brings new discoveries to light. Most scholars estimate that the Black Death killed up to 75 million people [5] in the 14th century, at a time when the entire world population was still less than 500 million.