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Your heart valves control the way blood flows in and out of your heart and through the four chambers of your heart. Valvular heart disease occurs when any of the valves in your heart are damaged.
Anatomically, the valves are part of the dense connective tissue of the heart known as the cardiac skeleton and are responsible for the regulation of blood flow through the heart and great vessels. Valve failure or dysfunction can result in diminished heart functionality, though the particular consequences are dependent on the type and severity ...
This type of connective tissue is found mostly in the reticular layer (or deep layer) of the dermis. [3] It is also in the sclera and in the deeper skin layers. Due to high portions of collagenous fibers, dense irregular connective tissue provides strength, making the skin resistant to tearing by stretching forces from different directions.
The heart's cardiac skeleton comprises four dense connective tissue rings that encircle the mitral and tricuspid atrioventricular (AV) canals and extend to the origins of the pulmonary trunk and aorta. This provides crucial support and structure to the heart while also serving to electrically isolate the atria from the ventricles. [1]
Significant mitral valve regurgitation has a prevalence of approximately 2% of the population, affecting males and females equally. [26] It is one of the two most common valvular heart diseases in the elderly, [27] and the commonest type of valvular heart disease in low and middle income countries. [3]
While heart disease and stroke deaths had been decreasing in both rural and urban communities before 2019, they shot up with the arrival of the pandemic in 2020, reversing decades of progress.
The heart valve changes seen with moderate and intermittent use can result in permanent damage and life-threatening heart problems if use of the causative drug is increased or continued, however longitudinal studies of former patients suggest that the damage will heal over time to some extent at least.
Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is a valvular heart disease characterized by the displacement of an abnormally thickened mitral valve leaflet into the left atrium during systole. [4] It is the primary form of myxomatous degeneration of the valve. There are various types of MVP, broadly classified as classic and nonclassic.
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