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The term African American was popularized by Jesse Jackson in the 1980s, [7] although there are recorded uses from the 18th and 19th centuries, [353] for example, in post-emancipation holidays and conferences. [354] [355] Earlier terms also used to describe Americans of African ancestry referred more to skin color than to ancestry.
African American slaves in Georgia, 1850. African Americans are the result of an amalgamation of many different countries, [33] cultures, tribes and religions during the 16th and 17th centuries, [34] broken down, [35] and rebuilt upon shared experiences [36] and blended into one group on the North American continent during the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade and are now called African American.
African-American. Although the term "African-American" is used as a color descriptive in the United States, it is not a universal term and creates confusion in other parts of the world. It is a term used mostly, and made popular, by the American media as well as American politicians. However, the common U.S. citizen has not yet adopted the term ...
Hundreds of years later, the descendants of African diaspora struggle to process any form of trauma, which typically results in delayed progress in emotional development. Professor William E. Cross Jr. included a theory of Nigrescence in his groundbreaking book Shades of Black: Diversity in African American Identity, which
The African-American diaspora refers to communities of people of African descent who previously lived in the United States. These people were mainly descended from formerly enslaved African persons in the United States or its preceding European colonies in North America that had been brought to America via the Atlantic slave trade and had suffered in slavery until the American Civil War.
African-American culture, also known as black culture, in the United States refers to the cultural contributions of African Americans to the culture of the United States, either as part of or distinct from American culture Black nationalism, advocates a racial definition (or redefinition) of national identity, as opposed to multiculturalism
African-American people also chose to pass as whites during Jim Crow and beyond. For example, United States civil rights leader Walter Francis White conducted investigations in the South during which he passed as white to gather information on lynchings and hate crimes , and to protect himself in socially hostile environments.
A new African-American identity and culture was born that incorporated elements of the various ethnic groups and of European cultural heritage, resulting in fusions such as the Black church and African-American English. This new identity was based on provenance and slave status rather than membership in any one ethnic group. [131]