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There are many diseases known to cause ocular or visual changes. Diabetes , for example, is the leading cause of new cases of blindness in those aged 20–74, with ocular manifestations such as diabetic retinopathy and macular edema affecting up to 80% of those who have had the disease for 15 years or more.
A bacterial infection can result in a mucus and pus secretion. [1] Severe cases of ophthalmia can cause blindness if not treated, especially in newborns, who contract it from the environment in the womb. [2] Treatments vary according to the nature of the cause, with minor irritations going away on their own.
The retina is the eye's "sensing" tissue. Retinitis may be caused by a number of different infectious agents. Its most common form, called retinitis pigmentosa, has a prevalence of one in every 2,500–7,000 people. This condition is one of the leading causes that leads to blindness in patients in the age range of 20–60 years old.
Cytomegalovirus retinitis, also known as CMV retinitis, is an inflammation of the retina of the eye that can lead to blindness. [1] Caused by human cytomegalovirus , it occurs predominantly in people whose immune system has been compromised, including 15-40% of those with AIDS.
Bulging eyes: where the eye (one or both) protrudes or distends out of its orbit. Left untreated, bulging eyes may lead to eye dryness, pain and vision loss [3] Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Retinitis: This is an inflammation of the retina caused by infection, which can result in blindness.
According to the CDC, people should seek medical care if they have symptoms of an eye infection, including: Yellow, green or clear discharge from the eye. Eye pain or discomfort.
Orbital cellulitis is inflammation of eye tissues behind the orbital septum. It is most commonly caused by an acute spread of infection into the eye socket from either the adjacent sinuses or through the blood. It may also occur after trauma. When it affects the rear of the eye, it is known as retro-orbital cellulitis.
Uveitis may be an immune response to fight an infection caused by an organism in the eye. They are less common than non-infectious causes and require antimicrobial/ viral/ parasitic treatment in addition to inflammatory control. Infectious causes in order of global burden include: Subretinal abscess in tubercular posterior uveitis. bartonellosis