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Measles is quite uncommon in populations of highly vaccinated areas, yet when it does occur, it is more commonly seen in adults. [19] The development of the measles vaccine has been vital in reducing outbreaks. Without a measles vaccine, measles epidemics could happen every 2 to 5 years and last up to 3 to 4 months at a time. [22]
Measles (probably from Middle Dutch or Middle High German masel(e) ("blemish, blood blister")) [11] is a highly contagious, vaccine-preventable infectious disease caused by measles virus. [3] [5] [12] [13] [14] Other names include morbilli, rubeola, red measles, and English measles.
The virus causes measles, a highly contagious disease transmitted by respiratory aerosols that triggers a temporary but severe immunosuppression.Symptoms include fever, cough, runny nose, inflamed eyes and a generalized, maculopapular, erythematous rash and a pathognomonic Koplik spot seen on buccal mucosa opposite to lower 1st and 2nd molars.
The 2019 measles outbreaks refer to a substantial global increase in the number of measles cases reported, relative to 2018. [1] As of April 2019, the number of measles cases reported worldwide represented a 300% increase from the number of cases seen in the previous year, constituting over 110,000 measles cases reported in the first three months of 2019.
Vaccination resulted in a 75% decrease in deaths from measles between 2000, and 2013, with about 85% of children worldwide being currently vaccinated. [ 4 ] Treatment
1867 Sydney measles epidemic 1867 Sydney, Australia Measles: 748 [164] 1871 Buenos Aires yellow fever epidemic: 1871 Buenos Aires, Argentina Yellow fever: 13,500–26,200 [165] 1870–1875 Europe smallpox epidemic 1870–1875 Europe Smallpox: 500,000 [166] [167] 1875 Fiji measles outbreak 1875 Fiji: Measles: 40,000 [168] 1875–1876 Australia ...
is the average number of people infected from one other person. For example, Ebola has an of two, so on average, a person who has Ebola will pass it on to two other people.. In epidemiology, the basic reproduction number, or basic reproductive number (sometimes called basic reproduction ratio or basic reproductive rate), denoted (pronounced R nought or R zero), [1] of an infection is the ...
The Wells-Riley model is a simple model of the airborne transmission of infectious diseases, [1] [2] developed by William F. Wells and Richard L. Riley for tuberculosis [3] and measles. [ 4 ] Wells-Riley can also be applied to other diseases transmitted in the air, such as COVID-19 .