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2. Pattern (casting) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pattern_(casting)

   Wax patterns are used in an alternative casting process called investment casting. A combination of paraffin wax, bees wax and carnauba wax is used for this purpose. In this case the wax "pattern" is melted out from the mould cavity which is normally a rigid plaster like material rather than sand, so the wax "pattern" can only be used once. [5]

3. Lost-wax casting - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lost-wax_casting

   The original sculpture is made from wax. The sculpture is then covered with mold material (e.g., plaster), except for the bottom of the mold which must remain open. When the mold has hardened, the encased sculpture is removed by applying heat to the bottom of the mold. This melts out the wax (the wax is 'lost') and destroys the original sculpture.

4. Paraffin wax - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paraffin_wax

   Paraffin wax (or petroleum wax) is a soft colorless solid derived from petroleum, coal, or oil shale that consists of a mixture of hydrocarbon molecules containing between 20 and 40 carbon atoms. It is solid at room temperature and begins to melt above approximately 37 °C (99 °F), [ 2 ] and its boiling point is above 370 °C (698 °F). [ 2 ]

5. History of candle making - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_candle_making

   Candle moulding machine in Indonesia circa 1920. Candle making was developed independently in a number of countries around the world. [1]Candles were primarily made from tallow and beeswax in Europe from the Roman period until the modern era, when spermaceti (from sperm whales) was used in the 18th and 19th centuries, [2] and purified animal fats and paraffin wax since the 19th century. [1]

6. Candle - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Candle

   In the mid-1850s, James Young succeeded in distilling paraffin wax from coal and oil shales at Bathgate in West Lothian and developed a commercially viable method of production. [27] Paraffin could be used to make inexpensive candles of high quality. It was a bluish-white wax, which burned cleanly and left no unpleasant odor, unlike tallow candles

7. Wax - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wax

   Paraffin waxes are mixtures of saturated n- and iso- alkanes, naphthenes, and alkyl- and naphthene-substituted aromatic compounds. A typical alkane paraffin wax chemical composition comprises hydrocarbons with the general formula C n H 2n+2, such as hentriacontane, C 31 H 64. The degree of branching has an important influence on the properties.