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A throttle position sensor (TPS) is a sensor used to monitor the throttle body valve position for the ECU of an engine. The sensor is usually located on the butterfly spindle/shaft, so that it can directly monitor the position of the throttle. More advanced forms of the sensor are also used. For example, an extra "closed throttle position ...
A typical ETC system consists of three major components: (i) an accelerator pedal module (ideally with two or more independent sensors), (ii) a throttle valve that can be opened and closed by an electric motor (sometimes referred to as an electric or electronic throttle body (ETB)), and (iii) a powertrain or engine control module (PCM or ECM). [4]
Accelerate-by-wire or throttle-by-wire, [17] more commonly known as electronic throttle control, is a system that actuates vehicle propulsion without any mechanical connections, such as cables, from the accelerator pedal to the throttle valve of the engine or other propulsion systems. In electric vehicles, this system controls the electric ...
The first Bosch engine management system was the Motronic 1.0, which was introduced in the 1979 BMW 7 Series (E23) [8] This system was based on the existing Bosch Jetronic fuel injection system, to which control of the ignition system was added.
Often a throttle position sensor (TPS) is connected to the shaft of the throttle plate to provide the ECU with information on whether the throttle is in the idle position, wide-open throttle (WOT) position, or somewhere in between these extremes. Throttle bodies may also contain valves and adjustments to control the minimum airflow during idle.
It was introduced to the press at the New York Auto Show in April 2009 and started appearing in BMW dealerships in September 2009, for the 2010 model year. It competes with cars such as the Mercedes-Benz ML63 AMG, the Porsche Cayenne Turbo S, and the Jeep Grand Cherokee SRT8. The BMW X5 M is the first xDrive all-wheel-drive vehicle from M GmbH ...
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