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In the laboratory, this liquid serves as a source of HCN, which is inconveniently volatile. [4] Thus, acetone cyanohydrin can be used for the preparation of other cyanohydrins, for the transformation of HCN to Michael acceptors, and for the formylation of arenes. Treatment of this cyanohydrin with lithium hydride affords anhydrous lithium cyanide:
The Dosage Index is a mathematical figure used by breeders of Thoroughbred race horses, and sometimes by bettors handicapping horse races, to quantify a horse's ability, or inability, to negotiate the various distances at which horse races are run. It is calculated based on an analysis of the horse's pedigree.
For any given horse, the dosage profile is generated by assigning points for each Chef-de-race in the pedigree, with the number of points varying depending on what generation the chef appears in. The Dosage Index can then be calculated, with a higher number meaning the pedigree is more speed-oriented.
Another synthetic pathway for α-hydroxy acids involves the addition of hydrogen cyanide to ketones or aldehydes, followed by the acidic hydrolysis of the cyanohydrin intermediate. [14] R−CHO + HCN → R−CH(OH)CN R−CH(OH)CN + 2H 2 O → R−CH(OH)CO 2 H + NH 3
It is the simplest cyanohydrin and it is derived from formaldehyde. [3] It is a colourless liquid that dissolves in water and ether. Because glycolonitrile decomposes readily into formaldehyde and hydrogen cyanide , it is listed as an extremely hazardous substance .
In organic chemistry, a cyanohydrin reaction is an organic reaction in which an aldehyde (−CH=O) or ketone (>C=O) reacts with a cyanide anion ...
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It is used as a surrogate in place of HCN, as illustrated by its use as a precursor to lithium cyanide: [8] (CH 3) 2 C(OH)CN + LiH → (CH 3) 2 CO + LiCN + H 2. In transhydrocyanation, an equivalent of HCN is transferred from acetone cyanohydrin to another acceptor, with acetone as byproduct. The transfer is an equilibrium process, initiated by ...