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Life cycles of plants and algae with alternating haploid and diploid multicellular stages are referred to as diplohaplontic. The equivalent terms haplodiplontic, diplobiontic and dibiontic are also in use, as is describing such an organism as having a diphasic ontogeny. [5]
In biology, a biological life cycle (or just life cycle when the biological context is clear) is a series of stages of the life of an organism, that begins as a zygote, often in an egg, and concludes as an adult that reproduces, producing an offspring in the form of a new zygote which then itself goes through the same series of stages, the ...
The life cycle of Aphanizomenon flos-aquae depends on various environmental conditions such as water temperature, dissolved oxygen content, and pH.. During the winter, Aphanizomenon flos-aquae persists as akinetes deep in the layers of sediment. [7]
Algae have photosynthetic machinery ultimately derived from cyanobacteria that produce oxygen as a byproduct of splitting water molecules, unlike other organisms that conduct anoxygenic photosynthesis such as purple and green sulfur bacteria. Fossilized filamentous algae from the Vindhya basin have been dated to 1.6 to 1.7 billion years ago. [11]
Most algae have dominant gametophyte generations, but in some species the gametophytes and sporophytes are morphologically similar . An independent sporophyte is the dominant form in all clubmosses , horsetails , ferns , gymnosperms, and angiosperms that have survived to the present day.
The name "cyanobacteria" (from Ancient Greek κύανος (kúanos) 'blue') refers to their bluish green color, [5] [6] which forms the basis of cyanobacteria's informal common name, blue-green algae, [7] [8] [9] although as prokaryotes they are not scientifically classified as algae.
Life originated as marine single-celled prokaryotes (bacteria and archaea) and later evolved into more complex eukaryotes. Eukaryotes are the more developed life forms known as plants, animals, fungi and protists. Protists are the eukaryotes that cannot be classified as plants, fungi or animals. They are mostly single-celled and microscopic.
Dinobryon are mixotrophs, [2] capable of obtaining energy and carbon through photosynthesis and phagotrophy of bacteria. The genus comprises at least 37 described species. [ 3 ] The best-known species are D. cylindricum and D. divergens , which come to the attention of humans annually due to transient blooms in the photic zone of temperate ...