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The occurrence of infant mortality in a population can be described by the infant mortality rate (IMR), which is the number of deaths of infants under one year of age per 1,000 live births. [1] Similarly, the child mortality rate , also known as the under-five mortality rate, compares the death rate of children up to the age of five.
During the 20th century, an enormous improvement in public health led to an overall decrease in death rates. Infant mortality rates and maternal mortality rates have dramatically decreased. In the early 1900s, 6–9 women died in pregnancy-related complications for every 1,000 births, while 100 infants died before they were 1 year old.
In developed countries, starting around 1880, death rates decreased faster among women, leading to differences in mortality rates between males and females. Before 1880, death rates were the same. In people born after 1900, the death rate of 50- to 70-year-old men was double that of women of the same age.
In early pre-agricultural history, infant mortality rates were high and average life expectancy low. Today, life expectancy in developing countries remains relatively low, as in many Sub-Saharan African nations where it typically doesn't exceed 60 years of age. [8]
Children born to mothers 35 years or older had a higher risk of mortality than children born to younger mothers. linking a mother's health and a child's survival. [2] Female infants and children often had a higher mortality rate, especially in times of food insecurity, compared to male infants and children.
The study — published October 21 by JAMA Pediatrics — analyzed data on infant morality from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) since 2018 and compared it the infant mortality ...
Over a similar time period, maternal mortality during childbirth fell during 1900 to 1997 from 6–9 deaths per thousand to 0.077 deaths per thousand, while the infant mortality rate dropped between 1915 and 1997 from around 100 deaths per thousand births to 7.2 deaths per thousand. [26]
The Mississippi Delta — king of catfish and cotton and the Delta blues — a place that sometimes seems frozen in time. Change is hard, but Mississippi Delta native Dr. Lakeisha Richardson, an ...