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Several other forms of poverty traps are discussed in the literature, [73] including nations being landlocked with bad neighbors; a vicious cycle of violent conflict; subsistence traps in which farmers wait for middlemen before they specialize but middlemen wait for a region to specialize first; working capital traps in which petty sellers have ...
A vicious circle (or cycle) is a complex chain of events that reinforces itself through a feedback loop, with detrimental results. [1] It is a system with no tendency toward equilibrium ( social , economic , ecological , etc.), at least in the short run.
Among the further results of these events, fewer local taxes are collected in a time when more social services is required and a vicious downward cumulative cycle is started and a trend towards a lower level of development will be further reinforced. A status of non-equilibrium is shaped, or as he writes:
Intensive farming often leads to a vicious cycle of exhaustion of soil fertility and decline of agricultural yields. [135] Approximately 40% of the world's agricultural land is seriously degraded. [136] [137] Goal 2 of the Sustainable Development Goals is the elimination of hunger and undernutrition by 2030. [138]
Concerning his critical minimum effort thesis, he claimed that the underdeveloped countries are trapped by the vicious circle of poverty and many other growth retarding factors, which keep them in the state of backwardness.Those countries need to increase their per capita income to a certain level in which they can maintain a self-sustained ...
"Many of these areas have a hard time breaking out of the cycle of poverty." While the national uninsured rate declined to 8.6%, there are still roughly 27.2 million Americans without health coverage.
Cyclical downswing is a feature of an advanced stage of sustained growth rather than of the vicious cycle of poverty. Hirschman also stated that during conditions of slack activity in developed countries, the stock of resources, machines and entrepreneurs are merely unemployed, and are present as idle capacity.
Working through a vicious cycle of trying to pay off debt and accumulating more and more debt left many farmers working the rest of their lives under their landowner, usually a white farmer. Additionally, sharecroppers had no mules or tools, but tenant farmers had them and commanded a larger share of the crop. The owner took the rest.