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  2. Chronic pain - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chronic_pain

    The International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) defines chronic pain as a general pain without biological value that sometimes continues even after the healing of the affected area; [8] [9] a type of pain that cannot be classified as acute pain [b] and lasts longer than expected to heal, or typically, pain that has been experienced on most days or daily for the past six months, is ...

  3. Diffuse noxious inhibitory control - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffuse_noxious_inhibitory...

    The DNIC model is used frequently to quantify the central pain sensitization in chronic pain patients. DNIC inefficiency (or lower DNIC) has been implicated as a risk factor for development of chronic pain and pain syndromes. [4] Chronic pain disorders such as temporomandibular disorder [5] and fibromyalgia [6] have been associated with DNIC ...

  4. Pain psychology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pain_psychology

    Brain regions like the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and orbitofrontal cortex, which are involved in pain perception and coping, are often altered in those with chronic pain. These changes are especially pronounced in the Default Mode Network, which plays a key role in working memory and emotional regulation, further impacting pain management ...

  5. Gate control theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gate_control_theory

    Afferent pain-receptive nerves, those that bring signals to the brain, comprise at least two kinds of fibers - a fast, relatively thick, myelinated "Aδ" fiber that carries messages quickly with intense pain, and a small, unmyelinated, slow "C" fiber that carries the longer-term throbbing and chronic pain. Large-diameter Aβ fibers are ...

  6. Neuropathic pain - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuropathic_pain

    Neuropathic pain has profound physiological effects on the brain which can manifest as psychological disorders. Rodent models where the social effects of chronic pain can be isolated from other factors suggest that induction of chronic pain can cause anxio-depressive symptoms and that particular circuits in the brain have a direct connection.

  7. Pain tolerance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pain_tolerance

    Pain tolerance is the maximum level of pain that a person is able to tolerate. Pain tolerance is distinct from pain threshold (the point at which pain begins to be felt). [1] The perception of pain that goes in to pain tolerance has two major components. First is the biological component—the headache or skin prickling that activates pain ...

  8. Pain - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pain

    Pain is a distressing feeling often caused by intense or damaging stimuli. The International Association for the Study of Pain defines pain as "an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with, or resembling that associated with, actual or potential tissue damage."

  9. Epigenetics of chronic pain - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epigenetics_of_chronic_pain

    Epigenetics of chronic pain is the study of how epigenetic modifications of genes affect the development and maintenance of chronic pain. Chromatin modifications have been found to affect neural function, such as synaptic plasticity and memory formation, which are important mechanisms of chronic pain. In 2019, 20% of adults dealt with chronic ...