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Cobalt poisoning is intoxication caused by excessive levels of cobalt in the body. Cobalt is an essential element for health in animals in minute amounts as a component of vitamin B 12 . A deficiency of cobalt, which is very rare, is also potentially lethal, leading to pernicious anemia .
Of these, Co, Cu, Fe, Ni, and Zn are trace elements required in small amounts for enzyme and redox reactions essential in plant development. [2] However, past a certain threshold they become toxic. The other heavy metals listed are considered toxic at any concentration and can bioaccumulate, posing a health hazard to humans if consumed. [6]
Metal toxicity or metal poisoning is the toxic effect of certain metals in certain forms and doses on life. Some metals are toxic when they form poisonous soluble compounds. Certain metals have no biological role, i.e. are not essential minerals, or are toxic when in a certain form. [ 1 ]
It will then form insoluble cobalt silicate by a double displacement reaction. This cobalt silicate is a semipermeable membrane. Because the ionic strength of the cobalt solution inside the membrane is higher than the sodium silicate solution's, which forms the bulk of the tank contents, osmotic effects will increase the pressure within the ...
Plant nutrition is a difficult subject to understand completely, partially because of the variation between different plants and even between different species or individuals of a given clone. Elements present at low levels may cause deficiency symptoms, and toxicity is possible at levels that are too high.
Toxicoscordion venenosum var. venenosum flowers at the University of California Botanical Garden, Berkeley. The inflorescence usually does not have branches and is a raceme, but will sometimes have one or two branches near the base and be a panicle. [7] If a plant does have branches, they will be one tenth to one third the length of the stem.
Cobalt is also used in the petroleum industry as a catalyst when refining crude oil. This is to purge it of sulfur, which is very polluting when burned and causes acid rain. [11] Cobalt is the active center of a group of coenzymes called cobalamins. Vitamin B 12, the best-known example of the type, is an essential vitamin for all animals.
However, the medical use of this plant is better avoided due to its high toxicity; columbine poisonings may be fatal. [ 11 ] An acute toxicity test in mice has demonstrated that ethanol extract mixed with isocytisoside , the main flavonoid compound from the leaves and stems of Aquilegia vulgaris , can be classified as non-toxic, since a dose of ...