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  2. Mutagen - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutagen

    The international pictogram for chemicals that are sensitising, mutagenic, carcinogenic or toxic to reproduction. In genetics, a mutagen is a physical or chemical agent that permanently changes genetic material, usually DNA, in an organism and thus increases the frequency of mutations above the natural background level.

  3. Mutagenesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutagenesis

    It can also be achieved experimentally using laboratory procedures. A mutagen is a mutation-causing agent, be it chemical or physical, which results in an increased rate of mutations in an organism's genetic code. In nature mutagenesis can lead to cancer and various heritable diseases, and it is also a driving force of evolution.

  4. Causes of cancer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Causes_of_cancer

    A cancer syndrome or family cancer syndrome is a genetic disorder in which inherited genetic mutations in one or more genes predisposes the affected individuals to the development of cancers and may also cause the early onset of these cancers. Although cancer syndromes exhibit an increased risk of cancer, the risk varies.

  5. Study: 21 popular cereals found to have cancer-linked ... - AOL

    www.aol.com/lifestyle/study-21-popular-cereals...

    New tests done by the Environmental Working Group have found 21 oat-based cereals and snack bars popular amongst children to have "troubling levels of glyphosate." The chemical, which is the ...

  6. Mutation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutation

    These types of mutations are usually prompted by environmental causes, such as ultraviolet radiation or any exposure to certain harmful chemicals, and can cause diseases including cancer. [ 91 ] With plants, some somatic mutations can be propagated without the need for seed production, for example, by grafting and stem cuttings.

  7. Carcinogenesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carcinogenesis

    Cancers and tumors are caused by a series of mutations. Each mutation alters the behavior of the cell somewhat. Carcinogenesis, also called oncogenesis or tumorigenesis, is the formation of a cancer, whereby normal cells are transformed into cancer cells.

  8. Modifications (genetics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modifications_(genetics)

    Incidental, or natural mutations occur through errors during replication and repair, either spontaneously or due to environmental stressors. Intentional modifications are done in a laboratory for various purposes, developing hardier seeds and plants, and increasingly to treat human disease. The use of gene editing technology remains controversial.

  9. Genotoxicity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genotoxicity

    Lung cancer is the most frequent cancer in the world, both in terms of yearly cases (1.61 million cases; 12.7% of all cancer cases) and deaths (1.38 million deaths; 18.2% of all cancer deaths). [12] Tobacco smoke is the main cause of lung cancer. Risk estimates for lung cancer indicate that tobacco smoke is responsible for 90% of lung cancers ...

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