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Immunotherapy or biological therapy is the treatment of disease by activating or suppressing the immune system. Immunotherapies designed to elicit or amplify an immune response are classified as activation immunotherapies, while immunotherapies that reduce or suppress are classified as suppression immunotherapies .
1900 – Swedish Dr. Stenbeck cures a skin cancer with small doses of radiation [4]; 1920s – Dr. William B. Coley's immunotherapy treatment, regressed tumors in hundreds of cases, the success of Coley's Toxins attracted heavy resistance from his rival and supervisor, Dr. James Ewing, who was an ardent supporter of radiation therapy for cancer.
Cancer immunotherapy (immuno-oncotherapy) is the stimulation of the immune system to treat cancer, improving the immune system's natural ability to fight the disease. [1] It is an application of the fundamental research of cancer immunology ( immuno-oncology ) and a growing subspecialty of oncology .
William Coley (1862-1936), pioneer of cancer immunotherapy; Albert Coons (1912-1978), developed immunofluorescent techniques for labelling antibodies; Max D. Cooper (1933-), identification of T and B cells; Yehuda Danon (1940-) Deborah Doniach (1912-2004), organ-specific auto-immunity; Eva Engvall (1940-), one of the scientists who invented ...
1971 – Peter Perlmann and Eva Engvall at Stockholm University invented ELISA; 1972 – Structure of the antibody molecule; 1972 – Discovery of invertebrate immunity by Hans G. Boman [11] 1973 – Dendritic Cells first described by Ralph M. Steinman; 1974 – Immune Network Hypothesis (Niels Jerne)
Immunotherapy developed in the 1970s following the discovery of the structure of antibodies and the development of hybridoma technology, which provided the first reliable source of monoclonal antibodies. [6] [7] These advances allowed for the specific targeting of tumors both in vitro and in vivo.
Allergen immunotherapy, also known as desensitization or hypo-sensitization, is a medical treatment for environmental allergies (such as insect bites) and asthma. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Immunotherapy involves exposing people to larger and larger amounts of allergens in an attempt to change the immune system's response.
Immunology is a branch of biology and medicine [1] that covers the study of immune systems [2] in all organisms.. Immunology charts, measures, and contextualizes the physiological functioning of the immune system in states of both health and diseases; malfunctions of the immune system in immunological disorders (such as autoimmune diseases, hypersensitivities, [3] immune deficiency, [4] and ...