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In later medieval Norway, the title of jarl was the highest rank below the king. There was usually no more than one jarl in mainland Norway at any one time, and sometimes none. The ruler of the Norwegian dependency of Orkney held the title of jarl, and after Iceland had acknowledged Norwegian overlordship in 1261, a jarl was sent there, as well ...
Today, Norway has approximately 10-15 families who were formerly recognised as noble by Norwegian kings. These include Anker, Aubert, von Benzon, Bretteville, Falsen, Galtung, Huitfeldt, Knagenhjelm, Lowzow, Løvenskiold, Munthe-Kaas, von Munthe af Morgenstierne, de Vibe, Treschow, Werenskiold, and the Counts of Wedel-Jarlsberg.
Rognvald Eysteinsson, Jarl of Møre fl. 865–890 [a] [5] [6] [7] is sometimes credited with being the founder of the jarldom. By implication the Orkneyinga saga identifies him as such for he is given "dominion" over Orkney and Shetland by King Harald Finehair, although there is no concrete suggestion he ever held the title.
The Earldom of Caithness was granted to Magnus, second son of the Earl of Angus, whom Haakon IV of Norway confirmed as Earl of Orkney in 1236. [17] In 1290, the death of the child princess Margaret, Maid of Norway in Orkney, en route to mainland Scotland, caused a disputed succession that led to the Wars of Scottish Independence. [18]
Rognvald Eysteinsson (fl. 865) was the founding Jarl (or Earl) of Møre in Norway, and a close relative and ally of Harald Fairhair, the earliest known King of Norway.In the Norse language he is known as Rǫgnvaldr Eysteinsson (Mǿrajarl) and in modern Norwegian as Ragnvald Mørejarl.
Division of Norway ca. 930 AD. The orange area is the domain the earls of Møre. The Earls of Møre (Old Norse: Jarlar á Mœri) were a dynasty of powerful noblemen in Norway dating to the unification of Norway in the 9th century. The first earl of Møre was Rognvald Eysteinsson, a close friend and ally of King Harald I of Norway.
Other notable jarls from the family were Birger Brosa, Karl the Deaf, Ulf Fase, and Birger Jarl. In the early 13th century, some members of the family moved to Norway, and held the office of jarl there. Noteworthy is that regardless of the ruling royal family, Bjälbos continued to hold the position of the jarl in the kingdom.
Civil war broke out between Haakon Jarl and the surviving brothers of Harald Greycloak, but Haakon proved victorious. [2] After this, Haakon Jarl ruled Norway as a vassal of Harald Bluetooth, but he was in reality an independent ruler. For Harald, he attacked Götaland and killed its ruler Ottar Jarl. [citation needed]