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  2. Sodium carbonate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_carbonate

    Sodium carbonate decahydrate (Na 2 CO 3 ·10H 2 O), also known as washing soda, is the most common hydrate of sodium carbonate containing 10 molecules of water of crystallization. Soda ash is dissolved in water and crystallized to get washing soda.

  3. Water-reactive substances - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water-reactive_substances

    Water-reactive substances [1] are those that spontaneously undergo a chemical reaction with water, often noted as generating flammable gas. [2] Some are highly reducing in nature. [ 3 ] Notable examples include alkali metals , lithium through caesium , and alkaline earth metals , magnesium through barium .

  4. Black snake (firework) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_snake_(firework)

    A white mixture of sucrose and sodium bicarbonate will eventually turn black and the snake will grow about 15–50 centimetres (5.9–19.7 in) long after it is lit. [4] Three chemical reactions occur when the snake is lit. Sodium bicarbonate breaks down into sodium carbonate, water vapor, and carbon dioxide: [2] 2 NaHCO 3 (s) → Na 2 CO 3 (s ...

  5. Sodium percarbonate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_percarbonate

    Sodium percarbonate or sodium carbonate peroxide is a chemical substance with empirical formula Na 2 H 3 CO 6. It is an adduct of sodium carbonate ("soda ash" or "washing soda") and hydrogen peroxide (that is, a perhydrate ) whose formula is more properly written as 2 Na 2 CO 3 · 3 H 2 O 2 .

  6. Solvay process - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solvay_process

    Instead of treating the remaining solution with lime, carbon dioxide and ammonia are pumped into the solution, then sodium chloride is added until the solution saturates at 40 °C. Next, the solution is cooled to 10 °C. Ammonium chloride precipitates and is removed by filtration, and the solution is recycled to produce more sodium carbonate.

  7. Base (chemistry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base_(chemistry)

    Sodium carbonate is used as washing soda and for softening hard water. Sodium bicarbonate (or sodium hydrogen carbonate) is used as baking soda in cooking food, for making baking powders, as an antacid to cure indigestion and in soda acid fire extinguisher. Ammonium hydroxide is used to remove grease stains from clothes

  8. Salt metathesis reaction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salt_metathesis_reaction

    The release of carbon dioxide gas from the reaction mixture drives the reaction to completion. For example, a common, science-fair "volcano" reaction involves the reaction of hydrochloric acid with sodium carbonate: 2 HCl + Na 2 CO 3 → H 2 CO 3 + 2 NaCl H 2 CO 3 → H 2 O + CO 2

  9. Sodium hydroxide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_hydroxide

    The conversion of sodium carbonate to sodium hydroxide was superseded entirely by the chloralkali process, which produces sodium hydroxide in a single process. Sodium hydroxide is also produced by combining pure sodium metal with water. The byproducts are hydrogen gas and heat, often resulting in a flame. 2 Na(s) + 2 H 2 O(l) → 2 NaOH(aq) + H ...