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In humans, the word male can be used in the context of gender, such as for gender role or gender identity of a man or boy. [7] For example, according to Merriam-Webster, "male" can refer to "having a gender identity that is the opposite of female". [23] According to the Cambridge Dictionary, "male" can mean "belonging or relating to men". [24]
To what extent masculinity is biologically or socially influenced is subject to debate. [37] It is distinct from the definition of the biological male sex, as both males and females can exhibit masculine traits. [38] Men generally face social stigma for embodying feminine traits, more so than women do for embodying masculine traits. [39]
Robert Stoller, whose work was the first to treat sex and gender as "two different orders of data", in his book Sex and Gender: The Development of Masculinity and Femininity, [46] uses the term 'sex' to refer to the "male or the female sex and the component biological parts that determine whether one is a male or a female". [47]
[2] [3] [4] It is distinct from the definition of the biological male sex, [5] [6] as anyone can exhibit masculine traits. [7] Standards of masculinity vary across different cultures and historical periods. In Western cultures, its meaning is traditionally drawn from being contrasted with femininity.
Sex differences in human physiology are distinctions of physiological characteristics associated with either male or female humans. These differences are caused by the effects of the different sex chromosome complement in males and females, and differential exposure to gonadal sex hormones during development.
The Tories want to change the Act to apply to biological sex, and say those who are biologically male but identify as female should be barred from using single-sex spaces.
“Biological males” should not compete in women’s sports, while women should have access to single-sex spaces in places such as hospitals and prisons, the Prime Minister has said.
In most societies, there is a basic division between gender attributes associated with males and females, a gender binary to which most people adhere and which includes expectations of masculinity and femininity in all aspects of sex and gender: biological sex, gender identity, gender expression, and sexual orientation.