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  2. Psychological perspectives on UFO belief - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychological_perspectives...

    Robert Baker, a psychology professor at the University of Kentucky who was among the first to propose fantasy-prone personality as an explanation for UFO contacts, explained that — while such contacts were not likely based in real experiences — the individuals reporting them were "not psychotic, not crazy, not even neurotic.

  3. Behavioral confirmation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behavioral_confirmation

    The phenomenon of belief creating reality is known by several names in literature: self-fulfilling prophecy, expectancy confirmation, and behavioral confirmation, which was first coined by social psychologist Mark Snyder in 1984. Snyder preferred this term because it emphasizes that it is the target's actual behavior that confirms the perceiver ...

  4. Reality tunnel - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reality_tunnel

    Reality tunnel is a theory that, with a subconscious set of mental filters formed from beliefs and experiences, every individual interprets the same world differently, hence "Truth is in the eye of the beholder".

  5. Reality testing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reality_testing

    Reality testing is the psychotherapeutic function by which the objective or real world and one's relationship to it are reflected on and evaluated by the observer. This process of distinguishing the internal world of thoughts and feelings from the external world is a technique commonly used in psychoanalysis and behavior therapy, and was originally devised by Sigmund Freud.

  6. Denialism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denialism

    Denialism is an essentially irrational action that withholds the validation of a historical experience or event when a person refuses to accept an empirically verifiable reality. [ 2 ] In the sciences, denialism is the rejection of basic facts and concepts that are undisputed, well-supported parts of the scientific consensus on a subject, in ...

  7. Hypostatic model of personality - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypostatic_model_of...

    Matryoshka dolls provide a visual representation of the multiplicity and complexity of personality.. The hypostatic model of personality is a view asserting that humans present themselves in many different aspects or hypostases, depending on the internal and external realities they relate to, including different approaches to the study of personality.

  8. Depressive realism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Depressive_realism

    Some have argued that the evidence is not more conclusive because no standard for reality exists, the diagnoses are dubious, and the results may not apply to the real world. [28] Because many studies rely on self-report of depressive symptoms and self-reports are known to be biased, the diagnosis of depression in these studies may not be valid ...

  9. Consensus reality - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consensus_reality

    Consensus reality refers to the generally agreed-upon version of reality within a community or society, shaped by shared experiences and understandings. [1] This understanding arises from the inherent differences in individual perspectives or subjectivities relating to knowledge or ontology, leading to uncertainties about what is real.