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The gender binary (also known as gender binarism) [1] [2] [3] is the classification of gender into two distinct forms of masculine and feminine, whether by social system, cultural belief, or both simultaneously. [A] Most cultures use a gender binary, having two genders (boys/men and girls/women). [4] [5] [6]
Religion has been a factor of the human experience throughout history, from pre-historic to modern times. The bulk of the human religious experience pre-dates written history , which is roughly 70,000 years old. [ 1 ]
Some countries now legally recognize non-binary or third genders, including Canada, Germany, [182] Australia, New Zealand, India and Pakistan. In the United States, Oregon was the first state to legally recognize non-binary gender in 2017, [7] and was followed by California and the District of Columbia. [9] [13]
[1]: 77, 79 A non-binary BYU graduate did not report being sexually assaulted as a student by their BYU teaching assistant in part because of fear of how the church-run BYU Honor Code office may surveil and distrust non-cisgender students, as well as assault victims.
[4] [5] Sacred texts like the Bible, the Quran, and others did not have a word or even a concept of religion in the original languages and neither did the people or the cultures in which these sacred texts were written. [6] [7] The word religion as used in the 21st century does not have an obvious pre-colonial translation into non-European ...
The church developed a firmer stance on issues including non-normative gender expressions. As tensions rose between Christianity and Judaism, so did the divide between who was a part of the church and who was not. Those who did not fit neatly into the gender binary did not fit into the church.
19th century: Women's mosques, called nusi, and female imams have existed since the 19th century in China and continue today. [16]19th century: Hannah Rachel Verbermacher, also known as the Maiden of Ludmir (Ludmirer Moyd), became the only female Rebbe in the history of the Hasidic movement; she lived in Ukraine and Israel.
If so, religion, at least in its modern form, cannot pre-date the emergence of language. It has been argued earlier that language attained its modern state shortly before the exodus from Africa. If religion had to await the evolution of modern, articulate language, then it too would have emerged shortly before 50,000 years ago." [20]