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A virtual IP address (VIP or VIPA) is an IP address that does not correspond to a physical network interface. Uses for VIPs include network address translation (especially, one-to-many NAT ), fault-tolerance, and mobility .
It is common for the operating system kernel to maintain a table of virtual network interfaces in memory. This may allow the system to store and operate on such information independently of the physical interface involved (or even whether it is a direct physical interface or for instance a tunnel or a bridged interface).
An iconic example of virtual-to-physical address translation is virtual memory, where different pages of virtual address space map either to page file or to main memory physical address space. It is possible that several numerically different virtual addresses all refer to one physical address and hence to the same physical byte of RAM.
The general concept of virtual LANs. A virtual local area network (VLAN) is any broadcast domain that is partitioned and isolated in a computer network at the data link layer (OSI layer 2). [2] [3] In this context, virtual refers to a physical object recreated and altered by additional logic, within the local area network. Basically, a VLAN ...
The concept of overlay networking is distinct from the traditional model of OSI layered networks, and almost always assumes that the underlay network is an IP network of some kind. [1] Some examples of overlay networking technologies are, VXLAN, BGP VPNs, both Layer 2 and Layer 3, and IP over IP technologies, such as GRE or IPSEC Tunnels.
When IP-based virtual hosting is used, each site (either a DNS host name or a group of DNS host names that act the same) points to a unique IP address. The webserver is configured with multiple physical network interfaces, virtual network interfaces on the same physical interface or multiple IP addresses on one interface.
This address is used by only one physical router at a time, and it will reply with this MAC address when an ARP request is sent for the virtual router's IP address. Physical routers within the virtual router must communicate within themselves using packets with multicast IP address 224.0.0.18 and IP protocol number 112 [1] for IPv4, or ff02::12 ...
Diagram of relationship between the virtual and physical address spaces. In computing, a physical address (also real address, or binary address), is a memory address that is represented in the form of a binary number on the address bus circuitry in order to enable the data bus to access a particular storage cell of main memory, or a register of memory-mapped I/O device.