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Looking into the genetic determinants of human sex can have wide-ranging consequences. Scientists have been studying different sex determination systems in fruit flies and animal models to attempt an understanding of how the genetics of sexual differentiation can influence biological processes like reproduction, ageing [24] and disease.
Haemophilia (British English), or hemophilia (American English) [6] (from Ancient Greek αἷμα (haîma) 'blood' and φιλία (philía) 'love of'), [7] is a mostly inherited genetic disorder that impairs the body's ability to make blood clots, a process needed to stop bleeding.
Its use in animal studies has been controversial for two main reasons: animal sexuality and motivating factors have been and remain poorly understood, and the term has strong cultural implications in western society that are irrelevant for species other than humans. [12] Thus homosexual behavior has been given a number of terms over the years.
Animals avoid inbreeding only rarely. [2] Inbreeding results in homozygosity which can increase the chances of offspring being affected by recessive traits. [3] In extreme cases, this usually leads to at least temporarily decreased biological fitness of a population [4] [5] (called inbreeding depression), which is its ability to survive and ...
Coprophagia is the ingestion by a dog of feces, either its own or those of another dog or animal. It can be caused by medical conditions such as exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, overfeeding, or malabsorption. It can also be a behavioral problem characterized by attention-seeking, reinforcement, or as a learned behavior.
Homosexual behaviour is demonstrated by 120 known species of birds. [40] While an uptick in research on bird homosexuality – and animal homosexuality in general – has been coming out in recent years, it's common for some authors to labour in articulating the view any root cause or function of bird homosexuality is poorly understood.
Animal non-reproductive sexual behavior encompasses sexual activities that non-human animals participate in which do not lead to the reproduction of the species. Although procreation continues to be the primary explanation for sexual behavior in animals, recent observations on animal behavior have given alternative reasons for the engagement in sexual activities by animals. [1]
Many animal species have specific mating (or breeding) periods e.g. (seasonal breeding) so that offspring are born or hatch at an optimal time. In marine species with limited mobility and external fertilisation like corals , sea urchins and clams , the timing of the common spawning is the only externally visible form of sexual behaviour.