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For an NPN open emitter output, the collector is connected to the positive voltage rail, so the emitter outputs a high voltage when the transistor is on and is hi-Z when off. For a PNP open emitter output, the collector is connected to the low voltage supply, so the emitter outputs a low voltage when the transistor is on and is hi-Z when off.
The heart of an I2L circuit is the common emitter open collector inverter. Typically, an inverter consists of an NPN transistor with the emitter connected to ground and the base biased with a forward current from the current source. The input is supplied to the base as either a current sink (low logic level) or as a high-z floating condition ...
The transistor continuously monitors V diff and adjusts its emitter voltage to equal V in minus the mostly constant V BE (approximately one diode forward voltage drop) by passing the collector current through the emitter resistor R E. As a result, the output voltage follows the input voltage variations from V BE up to V +; hence the name ...
Open-collector buffers connected as wired AND. The wired AND connection is a form of AND gate. When using open collector or similar outputs (which can be identified by the ⎐ symbol in schematics), wired AND only requires a pull up resistor on the shared output wire. In this example, 5V is considered HIGH (true), and 0V is LOW (false).
Current mode logic (CML), or source-coupled logic (SCL), is a digital design style used both for logic gates and for board-level digital signaling of digital data.. The basic principle of CML is that current from a constant current generator is steered between two alternate paths depending on whether a logic zero or logic one is being represented.
Star freshman wide receiver Jeremiah Smith scored two TDs in Ohio State's College Football Playoff win over Tennessee. (Photo by Joe Robbins/Icon Sportswire via Getty Images) (Icon Sportswire via ...
Across the United States, Christmastime meals mean different things for different people. For residents of South Carolina, Christmas means it is time to roast oysters.
If the V CE(SAT ) is too low, the next gate will not open up. [6] If you want only a certain amount of circuits open, then the V CE(SAT) needs to be smaller than the next transistor V BE(ON) (voltage input) between the base and emitter. It depends on your desired function. [6] Series gating is a little different.