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This is a common laboratory test to determine if sulfate anions are present. The sulfate ion can act as a ligand attaching either by one oxygen (monodentate) or by two oxygens as either a chelate or a bridge. [7] An example is the complex Co 2 (SO 4)] + Br − [7] or the neutral metal complex PtSO 4 (PPh 3) 2] where the sulfate ion is acting as ...
Sodium sulfate is a typical electrostatically bonded ionic sulfate. The existence of free sulfate ions in solution is indicated by the easy formation of insoluble sulfates when these solutions are treated with Ba 2+ or Pb 2+ salts: Na 2 SO 4 + BaCl 2 → 2 NaCl + BaSO 4. Sodium sulfate is unreactive toward most oxidizing or reducing agents.
For example, FeSO 4 is named iron(2+) sulfate (with the 2+ charge on the Fe 2+ ions balancing the 2− charge on the sulfate ion), whereas Fe 2 (SO 4) 3 is named iron(3+) sulfate (because the two iron ions in each formula unit each have a charge of 3+, to balance the 2− on each of the three sulfate ions). [108]
Sulfites or sulphites are compounds that contain the sulfite ion (or the sulfate(IV) ion, from its correct systematic name), SO 2− 3. The sulfite ion is the conjugate base of bisulfite. Although its acid (sulfurous acid) is elusive, [1] its salts are widely used. Sulfites are substances that naturally occur in some foods and the human body.
The Chen-Kao test is performed by creating an acidic solution of the compound to be tested and adding dilute Copper (II) Sulfate and Sodium hydroxide solutions. The procedure is as follows: Place small amount of material to be tested on a spot plate. Add 2 drops of reagent A; Add 2 drops of reagent B; Add 2 drops of reagent C
4 ions to precipitate CaSO 4 ·2H 2 O . A fraction of SO 2− 4 ions can also be trapped, or sorbed, into the layered structure of C-S-H. [3] These successive reactions lead to the precipitation of expansive mineral phases inside the concrete porosity responsible for the concrete degradation, cracks and ultimately the failure of the structure.
A common nitrate test, known as the brown ring test [2] can be performed by adding iron(II) sulfate to a solution of a nitrate, then slowly adding concentrated sulfuric acid such that the acid forms a layer below the aqueous solution. A brown ring will form at the junction of the two layers, indicating the presence of the nitrate ion. [3]
A Tutton salt is a double sulfate of the typical formula X 2 SO · 4 Y SO 4 ·6H 2 O, where X is a monovalent cation, and Y a divalent metal ion. Double sulfates of the composition X 2 SO 4 ·2 Y SO 4, such that X is a monovalent cation and Y is a divalent metal ion are referred to as langbeinites, after the prototypical potassium magnesium ...