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  2. Mutation–selection balance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutationselection_balance

    Setting aside other factors (e.g., balancing selection, and genetic drift), the equilibrium number of deleterious alleles is then determined by a balance between the deleterious mutation rate and the rate at which selection purges those mutations. Mutationselection balance was originally proposed to explain how genetic variation is ...

  3. Ka/Ks ratio - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ka/Ks_ratio

    Selection acts on variation in phenotypes, which are often the result of mutations in protein-coding genes. The genetic code is written in DNA sequences as codons , groups of three nucleotides . Each codon represents a single amino acid in a protein chain.

  4. McDonald–Kreitman test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/McDonald–Kreitman_test

    The McDonald–Kreitman test [1] is a statistical test often used by evolutionary and population biologists to detect and measure the amount of adaptive evolution within a species by determining whether adaptive evolution has occurred, and the proportion of substitutions that resulted from positive selection (also known as directional selection).

  5. Balancing selection - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balancing_selection

    Balancing selection refers to a number of selective processes by which multiple alleles (different versions of a gene) are actively maintained in the gene pool of a population at frequencies larger than expected from genetic drift alone. Balancing selection is rare compared to purifying selection. [1]

  6. Selection coefficient - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selection_coefficient

    Selection coefficient, usually denoted by the letter s, is a measure used in population genetics to quantify the relative fitness of a genotype compared to other genotypes. . Selection coefficients are central to the quantitative description of evolution, since fitness differences determine the change in genotype frequencies attributable to selecti

  7. Genetic load - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_load

    The Haldane-Muller theorem of mutationselection balance says that the load depends only on the deleterious mutation rate and not on the selection coefficient. [6] Specifically, relative to an ideal genotype of fitness 1, the mean population fitness is exp ⁡ ( − U ) {\displaystyle \exp(-U)} where U is the total deleterious mutation rate ...

  8. Puzzle solutions for Wednesday, Nov. 27, 2024

    www.aol.com/news/puzzle-solutions-wednesday-nov...

    This article originally appeared on USA TODAY: Online Crossword & Sudoku Puzzle Answers for 11/27/2024 - USA TODAY. Show comments. Advertisement. Advertisement. Holiday Shopping Guides.

  9. Adaptive value - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adaptive_value

    The adaptive value can be measured by contribution of an individual to the gene pool of their offspring. The adaptive values are approximately calculated from the rates of change in frequency and mutationselection balance. [2]