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  2. List of refractive indices - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_refractive_indices

    Standard refractive index measurements are taken at the "yellow doublet" sodium D line, with a wavelength (λ) of 589 nanometers. There are also weaker dependencies on temperature , pressure / stress , etc., as well on precise material compositions (presence of dopants , etc.); for many materials and typical conditions, however, these ...

  3. Refractive index and extinction coefficient of thin film ...

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refractive_index_and...

    A. R. Forouhi and I. Bloomer deduced dispersion equations for the refractive index, n, and extinction coefficient, k, which were published in 1986 [1] and 1988. [2] The 1986 publication relates to amorphous materials, while the 1988 publication relates to crystalline.

  4. Forouhi–Bloomer model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forouhi–Bloomer_model

    These parameters approximate amorphous silicon. [1] The Forouhi–Bloomer model is a mathematical formula for the frequency dependence of the complex-valued refractive index. The model can be used to fit the refractive index of amorphous and crystalline semiconductor and dielectric materials at energies near and greater than their optical band gap.

  5. Refractive index - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refractive_index

    It is simply represented as n 2 and is called the absolute refractive index of medium 2. The absolute refractive index n of an optical medium is defined as the ratio of the speed of light in vacuum, c = 299 792 458 m/s, and the phase velocity v of light in the medium, =.

  6. Tauc–Lorentz model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tauc–Lorentz_model

    The model has been used to fit the complex refractive index of amorphous semiconductor materials at frequencies greater than their optical band gap. The dispersion relation bears the names of Jan Tauc and Hendrik Lorentz, whose previous works [1] were combined by G. E. Jellison and F. A. Modine to create the model.

  7. Amorphous silicon - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amorphous_silicon

    Amorphous silicon (a-Si) is the non-crystalline form of silicon used for solar cells and thin-film transistors in LCDs.. Used as semiconductor material for a-Si solar cells, or thin-film silicon solar cells, it is deposited in thin films onto a variety of flexible substrates, such as glass, metal and plastic.

  8. ‘Yellowstone’ fans all have the same question after the ...

    www.aol.com/news/yellowstone-fans-same-finale...

    What happened in the "Yellowstone" Season 5 finale? Fans react to Beth killing her brother Jamie and question whether Beth and Rip will get a spinoff.

  9. Cauchy's equation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cauchy's_equation

    In optics, Cauchy's transmission equation is an empirical relationship between the refractive index and wavelength of light for a particular transparent material. It is named for the mathematician Augustin-Louis Cauchy, who originally defined it in 1830 in his article "The refraction and reflection of light". [1]